Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in North Western Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 3

Factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in north western zone of Tigray, northern Ethiopia, 2014 ().

Variables	Anemia		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
	Yes (258)	No (456)
Marital status
In marital union	247 (35.5%)	448 (64.2%)	1	1
Not in marital union	11 (57.9%)	8 (42.1%)	2.49 (0.99–6.28)	1.23 (0.74–2.00)
Residence
Urban	126 (31.6%)	275 (68.4%)	1	1
Rural	132 (41.9%)	181 (58.1%)	1.59 (1.15–2.13)	1.75
Educational status
Not educated	160 (44.4%)	200 (55.6%)	2.09 (1.53–2.86)	1.56
Educated	98 (27.7%)	256 (72.3%)	1	1
Family income (ETB)
<500	26 (42.6%)	35 (57.4%)	1.82 (0.05–3.16)	0.82 (0.46–1.48)
500–1000	118 (45.4%)	142 (54.6%)	2.03 (2.51–5.57)	1.30 (0.72–2.39)
1000	114 (29.0%)	279 (71.0%)	1	1
Age at first marriage (years)
<18	61 (31.9%)	130 (68.1%)	0.78 (0.55–1.10)	1.03 (0.67–1.58)
18	197 (37.7%)	326 (76.8%)	1	1
Number of visits
1 time	49 (29.0%)	120 (71.0%)	1.55 (0.93–2.57)	1.13 (0.60–2.11)
2-3 times	166 (38.2%)	268 (61.8%)	1.02 (0.67–1.57)	0.93 (0.54–1.59)
4 times	43 (38.7%)	68 (61.3%)	1	1
Iron supplementation
Yes	63 (26.7%)	173 (73.3%)	1	1
No	195 (40.8%)	283 (59.2%)	1.89 (1.35–2.66)	3.76
Nutrition education
Yes	146 (32.4%)	304 (67.6%)	1	1
No	112 (42.4%)	157 (57.6%)	1.56 (1.14–2.13)	0.50 (0.22–1.15)
Meal frequency per day
2 times	60 (42.6%)	81 (57.4%)	1.36 (0.79–1.08)	2.18
3 times	52 (32.9%)	106 (67.1%)	0.90 (0.75–1.63)	2.31 (0.86–3.39)
>3 times	146 (35.2%)	269 (64.8%)	1	1
Body mass index
Low (BMI < 20 kg/m^2)	56 (35.9%)	100 (64.1%)	1.43 (0.88–2.32)	1.59 (0.84–2.98)
Normal (BMI; 20–24.9 kg/m^2)	42 (28.2%)	107 (71.8%)	1	1
High (BMI 25 kg/m^2)	160 (39.1%)	249 (60.9%)	0.87 (0.59–1.28)	0.74 (0.46–1.20)

Statistically significant () 1: reference group; ETB: Ethiopian birr; 1 Ethiopian birr equals 20 USD.