Due to quantum size effects and large surface area, nanomaterials have been investigated as promising tools for the advancement of diagnostic biosensors, drug and gene delivery, and biomedical imaging. In comparison to their larger counterparts, nanomaterials have unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. Many properties of nanomaterials, such as size, shape, chemical composition, surface structure and charge, aggregation, and solubility, can influence their interactions with biomolecules and cells. For instance, nanoparticles with size-tunable light emission have been employed to produce exceptional images of tumor sites; single-walled carbon nanotubes, having diameters comparable to the width of DNA molecules, have demonstrated an impressive potential as high efficiency delivery transporters for biomolecules into cells.

The main emphasis of this special issue will focus on the development of new nanomaterials and their applications in biology and medicine. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Interactions of nanomaterials and biomolecules
• Biosensors
• Biological and chemical monitoring
• In vitro and in vivo single molecule detection
• Drug and gene delivery
• Toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials

Before submission authors should carefully read over the journal's Author Guidelines, which are located at http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnt/guidelines/. Prospective authors should submit an electronic copy of their complete manuscript through the journal Manuscript Tracking System at http://mts.hindawi.com/ according to the following timetable: