Increased Fat-Free Body Mass and No Adverse Effects on Blood Lipid Concentrations 4 Weeks after Additional Meat Consumption in Comparison with an Exclusion of Meat in the Diet of Young Healthy Women

Table 4

Changes of plasma metabolite concentrations and urinary excretion of urea and of 3-methylhistidine of women during 4 weeks periods of either additional meat consumption (M, 200 g pork fillet/d) or exclusion of meat products (NOM).¹

		M	NOM
Plasma concentration
Urea	(mmol/L)	+1.59 ± 1.16***	−1.41 ± 1.23***
Total cholesterol	(mmol/L)	−0.35 ± 0.35**	+0.14 ± 0.64
HDL-cholesterol	(mmol/L)	−0.05 ± 0.15	0.00 ± 0.17
LDL-cholesterol	(mmol/L)	−0.24 ± 0.34*	−0.05 ± 0.53
Triacylglycerol	(mmol/L)	−0.14 ± 0.30	+0.20 ± 0.42
NEFA	(mmol/L)	−0.04 ± 0.13	0.00 ± 0.16
Glucose	(mmol/L)	−0.25 ± 0.34*	+0.12 ± 0.36
Insulin	(mU/L)	−0.23 ± 3.31	−0.63 ± 3.12
Total homocysteine	(μmol/L)	+1.43 ± 1.23***	+2.29 ± 2.03***
3-Methylhistidine	(μmol/L)	+3.00 ± 1.70***	−2.20 ± 2.00***
Urinary excretion
Urea	(mmol/d)	+160 ± 95***	−156 ± 155**
3-Methylhistidine	(μmol/d)	+274 ± 109***	−234 ± 147***

¹ Values are means ± SD, n = 14. Subject specific changes were calculated as difference after M or NOM in relation to values before M or NOM. The significant differences from zero (no change) were indicated by ***𝑃<.001, **𝑃<.01, *𝑃<.05 (2-tailed one sample 𝑡-test with zero as hypothetical mean value).