Review Article
Cancer Stem Cells and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Table 1
Studies that have attempted to characterise the cancer stem cell (CSC) component in the cancers are listed. Only the most relevant studies are referenced. The different experimental techniques used in the referenced studies are reviewed; this highlights the lack of consensus in the approach that can be best used to identify stem-like cells in cancers.
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aCell surface antigen profile expression by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry techniques bDye Exclusion flow cytometry assays following treatment with Hoechst, coupled with ABC multidrug transporter inhibitors to isolate side population cells cSphere formation assays for multicellular spheroid forming ability under nonadherent conditions, which is characteristic of stem cells dClonality assays measure the ability of single cells to generate spheroids/clones eAldehyde Dehydrogenase assays measure the levels of ALDH1 in cells Soft agar assay measures anchorage-independent growth due to loss of contact-inhibition and is an indicator of tumourigenicity. EGF: Epidermal growth factor bFGF: Basic fibroblast growth factor LIF: Leukemia inhibitory factor NSF: Neuronal survival factor BPE: Bovine pituitary extract KO143: Inhibitor of breast cancer resistant protein (BRCP) SFM: Serum-free media SCM: Serum-containing media. |