Copyright © 2010 Michael C. Schmid and Judith A. Varner. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

1. P. Carmeliet, “Angiogenesis in life, disease and medicine,” Nature, vol. 438, no. 7070, pp. 932–936, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
2. L. M. Coussens and Z. Werb, “Inflammation and cancer,” Nature, vol. 420, no. 6917, pp. 860–867, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
3. J. Folkman, “Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications,” The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 285, no. 21, pp. 1182–1186, 1971. View at Scopus
4. D. Hanahan and J. Folkman, “Patterns and emerging mechanisms of the angiogenic switch during tumorigenesis,” Cell, vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 353–364, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
5. R. S. Kerbel, “Tumor angiogenesis,” The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 358, no. 19, pp. 2039–2049, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
6. J. Folkman, E. Merler, C. Abernathy, and G. Williams, “Isolation of a tumor factor responsible or angiogenesis,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 133, no. 2, pp. 275–288, 1971. View at Scopus
7. P. Carmeliet and R. K. Jain, “Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases,” Nature, vol. 407, no. 6801, pp. 249–257, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
8. F. Shojaei, X. Wu, C. Zhong, et al., “Bv8 regulates myeloid-cell-dependent tumour angiogenesis,” Nature, vol. 450, no. 7171, pp. 825–831, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
9. R. Du, K. V. Lu, C. Petritsch, et al., “HIF1$\alpha$ induces the recruitment of bone marrow-derived vascular modulatory cells to regulate tumor angiogenesis and invasion,” Cancer Cell, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 206–220, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
10. D. G. DeNardo, J. B. Barreto, P. Andreu, et al., “$\text{CD}{4}^{+}$ T cells regulate pulmonary metastasis of mammary carcinomas by enhancing protumor properties of macrophages,” Cancer Cell, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 91–102, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
11. Z. G. Fridlender, J. Sun, S. Kim, et al., “Polarization of tumor-associated neutrophil phenotype by TGF-$\beta$: “N1” versus “N2” TAN,” Cancer Cell, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 183–194, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
12. M. C. Schmid and J. A. Varner, “Myeloid cell trafficking and tumor angiogenesis,” Cancer Letters, vol. 250, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
13. T. Asahara, T. Murohara, A. Sullivan, et al., “Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis,” Science, vol. 275, no. 5302, pp. 964–967, 1997. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
14. M. Peichev, A. J. Naiyer, D. Pereira, et al., “Expression of VEGFR-2 and AC133 by circulating human $\text{CD3}{4}^{+}$ cells identifies a population of functional endothelial precursors,” Blood, vol. 95, no. 3, pp. 952–958, 2000. View at Scopus
15. M. Gill, S. Dias, K. Hattori, et al., “Vascular trauma induces rapid but transient mobilization of $\text{VEGFR}{2}^{+}$$\text{AC}{133}^{+}$ endothelial precursor cells,” Circulation Research, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 167–174, 2001. View at Scopus
16. D. Gao, D. Nolan, K. McDonnell, et al., “Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells contribute to the angiogenic switch in tumor growth and metastatic progression,” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol. 1796, no. 1, pp. 33–40, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
17. D. Gao, D. J. Nolan, A. S. Mellick, K. Bambino, K. McDonnell, and V. Mittal, “Endothelial progenitor cells control the angiogenic switch in mouse lung metastasis,” Science, vol. 319, no. 5860, pp. 195–198, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
18. M. Garcia-Barros, F. Paris, C. Cordon-Cardo, et al., “Tumor response to radiotherapy regulated by endothelial cell apoptosis,” Science, vol. 300, no. 5622, pp. 1155–1159, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
19. H. Spring, T. Schuler, B. Arnold, G. J. Hammerling, and R. Ganss, “Chemokines direct endothelial progenitors into tumor neovessels,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 102, no. 50, pp. 18111–18116, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
20. B. A. Peters, L. A. Diaz Jr., K. Polyak, et al., “Contribution of bone marrow-derived endothelial cells to human tumor vasculature,” Nature Medicine, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 261–262, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
21. A. Mantovani, S. Sozzani, M. Locati, P. Allavena, and A. Sica, “Macrophage polarization: tumor-associated macrophages as a paradigm for polarized M2 mononuclear phagocytes,” Trends in Immunology, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 549–555, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
22. A. Mantovani, T. Schioppa, C. Porta, P. Allavena, and A. Sica, “Role of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor progression and invasion,” Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 315–322, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
23. F. O. Martinez, L. Helming, and S. Gordon, “Alternative activation of macrophages: an immunologic functional perspective,” Annual Review of Immunology, vol. 27, pp. 451–483, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
24. F. O. Martinez, A. Sica, A. Mantovani, and M. Locati, “Macrophage activation and polarization,” Frontiers in Bioscience, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 453–461, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
25. S. K. Biswas, A. Sica, and C. E. Lewis, “Plasticity of macrophage function during tumor progression: regulation by distinct molecular mechanisms,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 180, no. 4, pp. 2011–2017, 2008. View at Scopus
26. J. S. Lewis, R. J. Landers, J. C. E. Underwood, A. L. Harris, and C. E. Lewis, “Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by macrophages is up-regulated in poorly vascularized areas of breast carcinomas,” Journal of Pathology, vol. 192, no. 2, pp. 150–158, 2000. View at Scopus
27. C. Sunderkotter, K. Steinbrink, M. Goebeler, R. Bhardwaj, and C. Sorg, “Macrophages and angiogenesis,” Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 410–422, 1994. View at Scopus
28. E. Giraudo, M. Inoue, and D. Hanahan, “An amino-bisphosphonate targets MMP-9—expressing macrophages and angiogenesis to impair cervical carcinogenesis,” Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 114, no. 5, pp. 623–633, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
29. R. Hildenbrand, I. Dilger, A. Horlin, and H. J. Stutte, “Urokinase and macrophages in tumour angiogenesis,” British Journal of Cancer, vol. 72, no. 4, pp. 818–823, 1995. View at Scopus
30. F. Balkwill and A. Mantovani, “Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?” The Lancet, vol. 357, no. 9255, pp. 539–545, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
31. S. Huang, M. Van Arsdall, S. Tedjarati, et al., “Contributions of stromal metalloproteinase-9 to angiogenesis and growth of human ovarian carcinoma in mice,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 94, no. 15, pp. 1134–1142, 2002. View at Scopus
32. I. Esposito, M. Menicagli, N. Funel, et al., “Inflammatory cells contribute to the generation of an angiogenic phenotype in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,” Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 630–636, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
33. P. J. Polverini and S. J. Leibovich, “Effect of macrophage depletion on growth and neovascularization of hamster buccal pouch carcinomas,” Journal of Oral Pathology, vol. 16, no. 9, pp. 436–441, 1987. View at Scopus
34. R. D. Leek and A. L. Harris, “Tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer,” Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 177–189, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
35. A. Nishie, M. Ono, T. Shono, et al., “Macrophage infiltration and heme oxygenase-1 expression correlate with angiogenesis in human gliomas,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 1107–1113, 1999. View at Scopus
36. D. I. Gabrilovich and S. Nagaraj, “Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system,” Nature Reviews Immunology, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 162–174, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
37. R. Yang, Z. Cai, Y. Zhang, W. H. Yutzy IV, K. F. Roby, and R. B. S. Roden, “CD80 in immune suppression by mouse ovarian carcinoma-associated $\text{Gr-}{1}^{+}\text{CD}11{\text{b}}^{+}$ myeloid cells,” Cancer Research, vol. 66, no. 13, pp. 6807–6815, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
38. G. Gallina, L. Dolcetti, P. Serafini, et al., “Tumors induce a subset of inflammatory monocytes with immunosuppressive activity on $\text{CD}{8}^{+}$ T cells,” Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 116, no. 10, pp. 2777–2790, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
39. J.-I. Youn, S. Nagaraj, M. Collazo, and D. I. Gabrilovich, “Subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 181, no. 8, pp. 5791–5802, 2008. View at Scopus
40. Y. Sawanobori, S. Ueha, M. Kurachi, et al., “Chemokine-mediated rapid turnover of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice,” Blood, vol. 111, no. 12, pp. 5457–5466, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
41. A. C. Ochoa, A. H. Zea, C. Hernandez, and P. C. Rodriguez, “Arginase, prostaglandins, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in renal cell carcinoma,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 721s–725s, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
42. B. Almand, J. I. Clark, E. Nikitina, et al., “Increased production of immature myeloid cells in cancer patients: a mechanism of immunosuppression in cancer,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 166, no. 1, pp. 678–689, 2001. View at Scopus
43. J. Schmielau and O. J. Finn, “Activated granulocytes and granulocyte-derived hydrogen peroxide are the underlying mechanism of suppression of T-cell function in advanced cancer patients,” Cancer Research, vol. 61, no. 12, pp. 4756–4760, 2001. View at Scopus
44. S. Kusmartsev and D. I. Gabrilovich, “Role of immature myeloid cells in mechanisms of immune evasion in cancer,” Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 237–245, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
45. P. C. Rodriguez, M. S. Ernstoff, C. Hernandez, et al., “Arginase I-producing myeloid-derived suppressor cells in renal cell carcinoma are a subpopulation of activated granulocytes,” Cancer Research, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 1553–1560, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
46. S. Nagaraj, K. Gupta, V. Pisarev, et al., “Altered recognition of antigen is a mechanism of $\text{CD}{8}^{+}$ T cell tolerance in cancer,” Nature Medicine, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 828–835, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
47. H. Sauer, M. Wartenberg, and J. Hescheler, “Reactive oxygen species as intracellular messengers during cell growth and differentiation,” Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 173–186, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
48. M. M. Taketo, “Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in tumorigenesis (part I),” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 90, no. 20, pp. 1529–1536, 1998. View at Scopus
49. M. M. Bertagnolli, “Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: two steps forward, one step back,” The Lancet Oncology, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 439–443, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
50. S. Ostrand-Rosenberg and P. Sinha, “Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: linking inflammation and cancer,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 182, no. 8, pp. 4499–4506, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
51. S. Fichtner-Feigl, M. Terabe, A. Kitani, et al., “Restoration of tumor immunosurveillance via targeting of interleukin-13 receptor-$\alpha$2,” Cancer Research, vol. 68, no. 9, pp. 3467–3475, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
52. M. Terabe, S. Matsui, J.-M. Park, et al., “Transforming growth factor-beta production and myeloid cells are an effector mechanism through which CD1d-restricted T cells block cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated tumor immunosurveillance: abrogation prevents tumor recurrence,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 198, no. 11, pp. 1741–1752, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
53. M. De Palma, M. A. Venneri, R. Galli, et al., “Tie2 identifies a hematopoietic lineage of proangiogenic monocytes required for tumor vessel formation and a mesenchymal population of pericyte progenitors,” Cancer Cell, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 211–226, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
54. M. De Palma, M. A. Venneri, and L. Naldini, “In vivo targeting of tumor endothelial cells by systemic delivery of lentiviral vectors,” Human Gene Therapy, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 1193–1206, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
55. M. De Palma and L. Naldini, “Tie2-expressing monocytes (TEMs): novel targets and vehicles of anticancer therapy?” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol. 1796, no. 1, pp. 5–10, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
56. M. Eck, B. Schmausser, K. Scheller, S. Brandlein, and H. K. Muller-Hermelink, “Pleiotropic effects of CXC chemokines in gastric carcinoma: differences in CXCL8 and CXCL1 expression between diffuse and intestinal types of gastric carcinoma,” Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 134, no. 3, pp. 508–515, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
57. A. Bellocq, M. Antoine, A. Flahault, et al., “Neutrophil alveolitis in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: induction by tumor-derived interleukin-8 and relation to clinical outcome,” American Journal of Pathology, vol. 152, no. 1, pp. 83–92, 1998. View at Scopus
58. G. Bergers, R. Brekken, G. McMahon, et al., “Matrix metalloproteinase-9 triggers the angiogenic switch during carcinogenesis,” Nature Cell Biology, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 737–744, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
59. M. McCourt, J. H. Wang, S. Sookhai, and H. P. Redmond, “Proinflammatory mediators stimulate neutrophil-directed angiogenesis,” Archives of Surgery, vol. 134, no. 12, pp. 1325–1332, 1999. View at Scopus
60. M. E. Rothenberg and S. P. Hogan, “The eosinophil,” Annual Review of Immunology, vol. 24, pp. 147–174, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
61. R. G. Dorta, G. Landman, L. P. Kowalski, J. R. P. Lauris, M. R. Latorre, and D. T. Oliveira, “Tumour-associated tissue eosinophilia as a prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinomas,” Histopathology, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 152–157, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
62. L.-M. Looi, “Tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A pathologic study of 422 primary and 138 metastatic tumors,” Cancer, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 466–470, 1987. View at Scopus
63. J. Teruya-Feldstein, E. S. Jaffe, P. R. Burd, D. W. Kingma, J. E. Setsuda, and G. Tosato, “Differential chemokine expression in tissues involved by Hodgkin's disease: direct correlation of eotaxin expression and tissue eosinophilia,” Blood, vol. 93, no. 8, pp. 2463–2470, 1999. View at Scopus
64. H. J. Nielsen, U. Hansen, I. J. Christensen, C. M. Reimert, N. Brunner, and F. Moesgaard, “Independent prognostic value of eosinophil and mast cell infiltration in colorectal cancer tissue,” Journal of Pathology, vol. 189, no. 4, pp. 487–495, 1999. View at Scopus
65. S. C. M. Lorena, D. T. Oliveira, R. G. Dorta, G. Landman, and L. P. Kowalski, “Eotaxin expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas with and without tumour associated tissue eosinophilia,” Oral Diseases, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 279–283, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
66. J. Mattes, M. Hulett, W. Xie, et al., “Immunotherapy of cytotoxic T cell-resistant tumors by T helper 2 cells: an eotaxin and STAT6-dependent process,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 197, no. 3, pp. 387–393, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
67. T. Horiuchi and P. F. Weller, “Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by human eosinophils: upregulation by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-5,” American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 70–77, 1997. View at Scopus
68. S. A. Cormier, A. G. Taranova, C. Bedient, et al., “Pivotal advance: eosinophil infiltration of solid tumors is an early and persistent inflammatory host response,” Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol. 79, no. 6, pp. 1131–1139, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
69. D. Ribatti and E. Crivellato, “The controversial role of mast cells in tumor growth,” International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, vol. 275, pp. 89–131, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
70. E. Crivellato, B. Nico, and D. Ribatti, “Mast cells and tumour angiogenesis: new insight from experimental carcinogenesis,” Cancer Letters, vol. 269, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
71. M. Colonna, G. Trinchieri, and Y.-J. Liu, “Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in immunity,” Nature Immunology, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 1219–1226, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
72. E. Gottfried, M. Kreutz, and A. Mackensen, “Tumor-induced modulation of dendritic cell function,” Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 65–77, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
73. I. Fricke and D. I. Gabrilovich, “Dendritic cells and tumor microenvironment: a dangerous liaison,” Immunological Investigations, vol. 35, no. 3-4, pp. 459–483, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
74. J. R. Conejo-Garcia, F. Benencia, M.-C. Courreges, et al., “Tumor-infiltrating dendritic cell precursors recruited by a $\beta$-defensin contribute to vasculogenesis under the influence of Vegf-A,” Nature Medicine, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 950–958, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
75. G. Coukos, J. R. Conejo-Garcia, R. Buckanovich, and F. Benencia, “Vascular leukocytes: a population with angiogenic and immunossuppressive properties highly represented in ovarian cancer,” Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol. 590, pp. 185–193, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
76. O. Fainaru, N. Almog, C. W. Yung, et al., “Tumor growth and angiogenesis are dependent on the presence of immature dendritic cells,” The FASEB Journal, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 1411–1418, 2010.
77. A. Ricciardi, A. R. Elia, P. Cappello, et al., “Transcriptome of hypoxic immature dendritic cells: modulation of chemokine/receptor expression,” Molecular Cancer Research, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 175–185, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
78. F. Shojaei, X. Wu, A. K. Malik, et al., “Tumor refractoriness to anti-VEGF treatment is mediated by $\text{CD}11{\text{b}}^{+}\text{Gr}{1}^{+}$ myeloid cells,” Nature Biotechnology, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 911–920, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
79. C. Fischer, B. Jonckx, M. Mazzone, et al., “Anti-PlGF inhibits growth of VEGF(R)-inhibitor-resistant tumors without affecting healthy vessels,” Cell, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 463–475, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
80. C. Weber and R. R. Koenen, “Fine-tuning leukocyte responses: towards a chemokine ‘interactome’,” Trends in Immunology, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 268–273, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
81. A. D. Luster, R. Alon, and U. H. von Andrian, “Immune cell migration in inflammation: present and future therapeutic targets,” Nature Immunology, vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 1182–1190, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
82. A. J. Giaccia, M. C. Simon, and R. Johnson, “The biology of hypoxia: the role of oxygen sensing in development, normal function, and disease,” Genes and Development, vol. 18, no. 18, pp. 2183–2194, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
83. D. Liao and R. S. Johnson, “Hypoxia: a key regulator of angiogenesis in cancer,” Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 281–290, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
84. T. Ueno, M. Toi, H. Saji, et al., “Significance of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 in macrophage recruitment, angiogenesis, and survival in human breast cancer,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 3282–3289, 2000. View at Scopus
85. Y. Niwa, H. Akamatsu, H. Niwa, H. Sumi, Y. Ozaki, and A. Abe, “Correlation of tissue and plasma RANTES levels with disease course in patients with breast or cervical cancer,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 285–289, 2001. View at Scopus
86. E. Y. Lin, A. V. Nguyen, R. G. Russell, and J. W. Pollard, “Colony-stimulating factor 1 promotes progression of mammary tumors to malignancy,” Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 193, no. 6, pp. 727–739, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
87. C. Murdoch, A. Giannoudis, and C. E. Lewis, “Mechanisms regulating the recruitment of macrophages into hypoxic areas of tumors and other ischemic tissues,” Blood, vol. 104, no. 8, pp. 2224–2234, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
88. Y. M. Zhu, S. J. Webster, D. Flower, and P. J. Woll, “Interleukin-8/CXCL8 is a growth factor for human lung cancer cells,” British Journal of Cancer, vol. 91, no. 11, pp. 1970–1976, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
89. M. Uutela, M. Wirzenius, K. Paavonen, et al., “PDGF-D induces macrophage recruitment, increased interstitial pressure, and blood vessel maturation during angiogenesis,” Blood, vol. 104, no. 10, pp. 3198–3204, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
90. B. Barleon, S. Sozzani, D. Zhou, H. A. Weich, A. Mantovani, and D. Marme, “Migration of human monocytes in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is mediated via the VEGF receptor flt-1,” Blood, vol. 87, no. 8, pp. 3336–3343, 1996. View at Scopus
91. S. Goswami, E. Sahai, J. B. Wyckoff, et al., “Macrophages promote the invasion of breast carcinoma cells via a colony-stimulating factor-1/epidermal growth factor paracrine loop,” Cancer Research, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 5278–5283, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
92. S. Nakao, T. Kuwano, C. Tsutsumi-Miyahara, et al., “Infiltration of COX-2-expressing macrophages is a prerequisite for IL-1$\beta$-induced neovascularization and tumor growth,” Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 115, no. 11, pp. 2979–2991, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
93. D. K. Jin, K. Shido, H.-G. Kopp, et al., “Cytokine-mediated deployment of SDF-1 induces revascularization through recruitment of CXCR$4^{+}$ hemangiocytes,” Nature Medicine, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 557–567, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
94. J. LeCouter, J. Kowalski, J. Foster, et al., “Identification of an angiogenic mitogen selective for endocrine gland endothelium,” Nature, vol. 412, no. 6850, pp. 877–884, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
95. J. LeCouter, C. Zlot, M. Tejada, F. Peale, and N. Ferrara, “Bv8 and endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor stimulate hematopoiesis and hematopoietic cell mobilization,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 101, no. 48, pp. 16813–16818, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
96. F. Shojaei, X. Wu, X. Qu, et al., “G-CSF-initiated myeloid cell mobilization and angiogenesis mediate tumor refractoriness to anti-VEGF therapy in mouse models,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 106, no. 16, pp. 6742–6747, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
97. L. Yang, J. Huang, X. Ren, et al., “Abrogation of TGF$\beta$ signaling in mammary carcinomas recruits $\text{Gr-}{1}^{+}\text{CD}11{\text{b}}^{+}$ myeloid cells that promote metastasis,” Cancer Cell, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 23–35, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
98. G. R. Stark, I. M. Kerr, B. R. G. Williams, R. H. Silverman, and R. D. Schreiber, “How cells respond to interferons,” Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol. 67, pp. 227–264, 1998. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
99. M. De Palma, R. Mazzieri, L. S. Politi, et al., “Tumor-targeted interferon-$\alpha$ delivery by Tie2-expressing monocytes inhibits tumor growth and metastasis,” Cancer Cell, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 299–311, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
100. K. S. Aboody, J. Najbauer, and M. K. Danks, “Stem and progenitor cell-mediated tumor selective gene therapy,” Gene Therapy, vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 739–752, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
101. N. Ferrara and R. S. Kerbel, “Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target,” Nature, vol. 438, no. 7070, pp. 967–974, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus