Research Article
Smoking, Alcohol, and Betel Quid and Oral Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study
Table 2
Multivariate logistic regression model of risk factors for developing oral cancer.
| Variables | No. of patients () | Odds ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | value | Lower limit | Upper limit |
| Age | | | | | | 18–39 years† | 2330 | 1.00 | | | <.001 | 40–49 years | 1838 | 3.68 | 2.11 | 6.41 | <.001 | 50–59 years | 2071 | 6.19 | 3.62 | 10.58 | <.001 | ≥60 years | 4247 | 3.66 | 2.09 | 6.43 | <.001 | Personal habits | | | | | | None† | 7775 | 1.00 | | | <.001 | Smoking only | 1040 | 5.13 | 3.17 | 8.32 | <.001 | Alcohol consumption only | 464 | 1.33 | 0.48 | 3.74 | .584 | Betel quid chewing only | 43 | 11.95 | 3.54 | 40.33 | <.001 | Smoking + alcohol | 518 | 9.88 | 6.05 | 16.12 | <.001 | Smoking + betel quid | 135 | 26.56 | 14.52 | 48.58 | <.001 | Alcohol + betel quid | 38 | 21.84 | 8.04 | 59.36 | <.001 | Smoking + alcohol + betel quid chewing | 474 | 46.87 | 31.84 | 69.00 | <.001 |
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†Reference group.
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