Targeting Angiogenesis for Controlling Neuroblastoma

Figure 3

Genomic and non-genomic actions of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Genomic action of ATRA includes caspase-8 transcription, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Non-genomic action of ATRA involves induction of PI3K/Akt pathway for upregulation of secretase. ATRA activates retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and MAPK signaling pathway for contribution to differentiation in neuroblastoma.