Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioma: Friend or Foe?
Figure 3
Upregulation of STAT3 and IL-10 in monocytes occurs after coculture with GBM tumor cells in vitro and ex vivo. (a), ex vivo monocytes were stimulated with LPS in the absence or presence of GBM tumor cells for 4 h, at which point monocytes and GBM tumor cells were isolated by FACS. RNA was isolated and levels of IL-10 and STAT3 were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Similar results were seen in four independent experiments. (b), CD11b+CD11c+ monocytes/microglia were isolated by FACS from ex vivo GBM () or meningioma () tumor specimens and RNA was isolated and analyzed for expression of IL-10 and STAT3 by quantitative RT-PCR. Published with permission from Kostianovsky et al. [20].
