Vitamin D Deficiency in Obese Children and Its Relationship to Insulin Resistance and Adipokines

Table 1

Fasting glucose metabolism parameters in 125 obese children, in quartiles (𝑛=30–32) of plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations.

	Quartiles based on plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels				Test for Trend (𝑃 values)
	1	2	3	4
25(OH)D (ng/mL)	8.0±2.3	13.6±1.2	17.5±1.2	25.3±4.3
Age (years)	11.6±3.1	10.8±3.4	10.9±3.7	10.0±3.7	0.114
Gender (% male)	60%	35%	41%	56%	0.879
BMI-SDS	2.7±0.6	2.7±0.5	2.7±0.6	2.7±0.3	0.710
Tanner stage	2.9±1.4	2.4±1.4	2.6±1.7	2.2±1.3	0.107
Glucose (mg/dL)	87.8±8.6	83.5±11.8	83.9±11.2	81.9±11.6	0.050
Insulin (μU/mL)	20.6±16.6	14.2±13.5	13.7±7.4	12.3±9.2	0.010
HOMA-IR	4.4±3.4	2.9±2.9	2.8±1.6	2.5±2.2	0.008
QUICKI	0.32±0.04	0.34±0.06	0.34±0.05	0.36±0.06	0.003
Hemoglobin A1c (%)	5.37±0.31	5.55±0.42	5.17±0.36	5.21±0.38	0.035

All data are means ± standard deviation except for gender.