Research Article

Impact of Weight Loss on Physical Function with Changes in Strength, Muscle Mass, and Muscle Fat Infiltration in Overweight to Moderately Obese Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Table 3

Mean changes in anthropometric, body composition, bone mass, muscle strength, and physical function measures from baseline to 6-month followup by intervention group.

Physical Activity + Weight Loss ( = 19)Physical Activity + Successful Aging ( = 13)
Mean change (BL-6FU) -valueMean change (BL-6FU) -value

Anthropometric
 Waist circumference, cm−4.0 (7.5)#.03−1.1 (5.2).50
 Body weight, kg−4.9 (4.8)§<.001−1.0 (3.5)§.44
 BMI, kg/m2−1.7 (1.7)§<.001−0.4 (1.3)§.46
DXA
 Percent body fat−2.4 (1.9)§<.001−0.05 (1.3)§.67
 Total fat mass, kg−4.4 (3.2)§<.001−0.6 (2.1)§.27
 Total lean mass, kg−1.5 (1.7).001−0.7 (1.4).08
 Appendicular lean mass, kg−0.9 (0.8).001−0.5 (1.1).06
 Total body BMD, g/cm2−0.010 (.032).18−0.006 (.026).41
 Total hip BMD, g/cm2−0.002 (.032).720.005 (.014).17
Abdominal CT
 Total fat, cm2−75.1 (94.4)§<.01−5.2 (72.4)§.80
 Visceral fat, cm2−38.1 (40.4)§<.01−5.5 (26.2)§.46
 Subcutaneous fat, cm2−37.0 (62.8).02−0.4 (55.9).84
Right thigh CT
 Total fat, cm2−18.1 (17.5)<.01−5.4 (9.9).07
 Subcutaneous, cm2−15.4 (14.8)<.01−4.8 (9.5).09
 Muscle mass, cm2−2.3 (4.0)§.031.5 (3.7)§.13
 Muscle density, HU1.3 (1.2)<.010.9 (1.2).02
 Lean muscle mass, cm21.7 (4.0).082.8 (4.2).04
Right quadriceps CT
 Muscle mass, cm2−1.6 (2.4).02−1.4 (3.9).31
 Muscle density, HU1.3 (3.7)<.011.0 (1.4).03
 Lean muscle mass, cm2−0.17 (2.2).54−0.41 (3.5).79
 Specific torque, N m/cm2−0.24 (0.58).11−0.001 (0.31).99
Knee extensor strength
 Peak torque, N m−16.8 (27.9).01−2.5 (17.2).91
 Average torque, N m−14.0 (22.0).01−3.3 (13.5).45
SPPB score0.7 (1.4).040.5 (0.9).13

#± Standard deviation.
§Denotes a significant difference between intervention programs, .