Clinical Study

Mindfulness Intervention for Stress Eating to Reduce Cortisol and Abdominal Fat among Overweight and Obese Women: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Study

Table 3

Estimated effects of changes in predictors on changes in abdominal fat adjusted for baseline abdominal fat and weight change.

Across groupsTreatmentControl
PredictorEst effecta (SE)95% CISt CbP cGxPd
P value
Est Effect (SE)95% CISt CPEst effect (SE)95% CISt CP

Attendance−40.7 (30.3)−105.4–24.0−.30.20
Mindful meals (#)−17.0 (20.6)−60.9–26.8−.21.42
Meditation (min)1.2
(1.1)
−1.2–3.6.25.30
Mindfulness-Act w Aware−217.3 (115.9)−454.8–20.2−.29.07.97−274.5 (151.0)−598.3–49.3−.40.09−247.5 (223.6)−724.0–229.0−.25.29
Mindfulness-Observe−63.0 (123.3)−313.5–187.5−.08.61.54−78.4 (155.9)−410.7–253.9−.12.62−275.7 (296.1)−906.9–355.49−.23.37
Mindfulness-Describe−73.9 (114.0)−305.6–157.8−.10.52.56−0.4 (199.6)−425.8–425.0.00.99−172.3 (154.3)−501.2–156.5−.27.28
Mindfulness-Accept−5.0 (79.0)−165.6–155.6−.01.95.73−74.9 (123.2)−337.6–187.8−.15.55−27.79 (149.7)−346.8–291.2−.05.86
Body responsiveness−43.7 (51.3)−147.9–60.4−.13.40.04−218.8 (84.3)−398.7–−9.0−.50.0215.9 (67.4)−127.7–159.4.06.82
Chronic stress15.8 (115.4)−218.7–250.3.02.89.01338.2 (154.1)9.7–666.7.47.04−291.8 (159.4)−631.6–48.1−.44.09
Perceived stress60.8 (95.4)−133.0–254.6.11.53.32210.6 (164.9)−141.8–561.1.30.2232.4 (127.1)−238.5–303.3.06.80
Anxiety−81.7 (140.3)−366.8–203.5−.09.56.704.9 (207.9)−438.3–448.1.01.98−96.5 (230.2)−587.2–394.2−.10.68
Restrained eating−27.0 (106.3)−243.0–189.0−.04.80.37−146.9 (188.0)−547.6–253.8−.19.4581.1 (159.5)−258.8–421.0.13.62
Emotional eating75.4 (124.3)−177.2–328.0.10.55.67103.1 (172.7)−265.1–471.3.14.56217.5 (226.0)−264.1–699.1.22.35
External eating150.0 (119.4)−92.7–392.7.20.22.49306.3 (181.8)−81.2–693.7.36.11160.3 (183.6)−231.0–551.5.21.40
Cortisol awake rsp. (nmol/L)13.9 (19.3)−25.7–53.6.21.43.8326.3 (11.1)2.1–50.4.85.0410.4
(9.1)
−9.4–30.1.29.28
Cortisol slope (nmol/L)−7.9
(5.3)
−18.6–2.8−.25.14.87−10.7 (6.5)−24.9–3.6−.44.13−6.8 (14.6)−38.3–24.7−.12.65
Serum morn. cortisol (ln)114.8 (117.1)−123.5–353.0.15.33.6359.4 (176.5)−316.8–435.6.08.74195.9 (172.1)−173.3–565.1.27.27

aEst effect = unstandardized regression coefficient; bSt C = standardized regression coefficient, cP = significance level of regression coefficient; dGxP P value = significance level of the group × predictor interaction term.