Effects of Thyme Extract Oils (from Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis, and Thymus hyemalis) on Cytokine Production and Gene Expression of oxLDL-Stimulated THP-1-Macrophages

Table 1

Composition of the supercritical extracts of the three thyme varieties obtained in separators 1 and 2, and the contribution of each compound to the total chromatographic area. N-I: nonidentified compound; R.I.: linear retention index; n.d.: non detected.

Compound	Ret. time (min)	R.I.	Thymus hyemalis		Thymus zygis		Thymus vulgaris
			Separator 1	Separator 2	Separator 1	Separator 2	Separator 1	Separator 2
			% Area	% Area	% Area	% Area	% Area	% Area
P-cymene	12.93	1022	2.97	2.77	4.77	2.98	4.90	5.57
1,8 cineole	13.30	1029	20.97	19.39	1.03	n.d.	1.29	0.95
Gamma-terpinene	14.89	1056	0.81	0.67	0.7	0.5	1.14	1.11
Sabinene	15.37	1065	2.52	1.97	n.d.	0.45	1.37	0.92
Linalool	17.39	1099	3.73	1.57	6.30	4.22	6.61	3.72
Camphor	19.74	1140	27.44	19.63	1.47	1.04	1.49	0.83
Borneol	21.03	1163	8.33	8.43	4.71	4.01	3.35	2.60
Alpha-terpineol	22.51	1188	3.96	3.80	0.66	0.82	0.81	0.45
Bornyl acetate	28.18	1282	1.67	1.24	n.d.	0.71	0.81	0.75
Thymol	28.63	1290	10.05	23.01	70.86	75.04	65.43	71.15
Carvacrol	29.21	1299	0.64	1.34	4.20	4.61	4.26	4.30
Isobornyl propionate	34.62	1372	1.21	0.87	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
E-caryophyllene	37.78	1412	4.05	3.04	2.01	1.25	4.51	2.22
N-I	39.63	1433	0.09	n.d.	1.84	2.98	2.63	4.49
Germacrene-D	43.13	1474	1.73	1.26	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
Gamma-elemene	44.52	1490	1.97	1.55	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
Elemol	49.37	1552	1.15	1.46	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
Spathulenol	51.21	1576	2.42	2.85	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
Caryophyllene oxide	51.42	1579	1.34	0.90	1.4	1.04	1.33	0.87
N-II	56.52	1683	2.77	4.15	n.d.	0.28	n.d.	n.d.