Combined Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Diet on Lipids and Lipoproteins in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Meta-Analysis
Table 2
Initial characteristics of participants.
Variable
Exercise
Control
#
Range
Mdn
#
Range
Mdn
Age (years)
13
46.3 ± 8.6
34–62
46.0
13
45.6 ± 8.7
33–61
45
Body weight (kg)
12
87.5 ± 34.9
66–99
92.39
12
88.2 ± 12.1
66–103
91.3
BMI (kgm2)
8
31.8 ± 3.2
27–36
32.7
8
32.4 ± 3.9
26–37
33.7
(mLkg−1min−1)
7
28.5 ± 6.2
20–36
29.4
7
28.5 ± 6.3
21–38
29.0
Kilocalories (total)
8
2018 ± 319
1488–2616
1999
8
1950 ± 353
1398–2616
1922
Carbohydrates (%)
5
48–53
49.0
5
49.7 ± 2.8
47–54
48.4
Total fat (%)
8
32.4 ± 3.7
28–38
32
8
32.7 ± 3.7
27–38
32.6
Saturated fat (%)
5
12.6 ± 1.8
10–14
13.6
5
12.4 ± 2.2
9–14
13.6
Cholesterol (mg)
5
318 ± 61
248–400
296
5
280 ± 78
197–400
284
TC (mg/dL)
14
212.5 ± 24.7
188–271
202.2
14
204.3 ± 16.4
185–238
201.3
HDL-C (mg/dL)
13
48.8 ± 6.5
38–58
49.0
13
48.0 ± 6.6
38–58
49.9
TC : HDL-C
5
4.8 ± 0.6
4.1–5.3
4.9
5
4.8 ± 0.5
4.1–5.2
4.9
LDL-C (mg/dL)
8
133.4 ± 17.1
115–172
127.0
8
131.1 ± 12.9
117–156
126.5
TG (mg/dL)
12
103.7 ± 55.0
33–224
84.9
12
102.7 ± 46.2
33–166
102.8
Notes. #, number of groups in which data were available. With the exception of age, data limited to those in which change outcome results could be calculated. Mdn, median; BMI, body mass index; , maximum oxygen consumption; mg, milligrams; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC : HDL-C, ratio of TC to HDL; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides. To convert TC, HDL-C and LDL-C from mg/dL to mmol, divide by 38.46, to convert TG from mg/dL to mmol, divide by 87.72. Insufficient data (<5) reported for protein, polyunsaturated fat, saturated fat, and trans-fat intake as well as non-HDL-C.