Changes in Body Composition, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, and Eating Behavior after an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention with High Volume of Physical Activity in Severely Obese Subjects: A Prospective Clinical Controlled Trial

Table 5

Change in values for cardiovascular disease risk factors within the ILI-group. Data are mean values (SD or 95% CI).

	Mean; Week 0	Mean change; Week 0 to 12 months	P value	Mean change; Week 0 to weeks 10–14	P value	Mean change; Weeks 10–14 to six months	P value	Mean change; Six to 12 months	P value
s-BP (mmHg)
All (𝑛=57)	132.3 (10.7)	−2.8 (−6.0, 0.4)	0.082^a	−6.4 (−9.1, −3.7)	<0.0001^a	1.1 (−1.7, 4.0)	0.431^a	2.5 (−0.5, 5.4)	0.097^a
No blood pressure lowering (𝑛=37)	130.4 (8.8)	−3.8 (−6.9, −0.7)	0.018^b	−5.4 (−8.4, −2.4)	0.001^b	0.3 (−3.2, 3.8)	0.877^b	1.4 (−1.7, 4.4)	0.368^b
d-BT (mmHg)
All (𝑛=57)	83.7 (6.1)	−1.8 (−4.0, 0.3)	0.094^a	−1.3 (−3.2, 0.6)	0.175^a	−2.0 (−4.3, 0.3)	0.088^a	1.5 (−0.7, 3.7)	0.173^a
No blood pressure lowering (𝑛=37)	83.2 (5.4)	−3.5 (−6.3, −0.7)	0.015^b	−2.8 (−5.0, −0.7)	0.012^b	−2.3 (−5.2, 0.6)	0.112^b	1.6 (−1.2, 4.4)	0.245^b
GLUC (mmol/L)
All (𝑛=58)	5.8 (1.3)	−0.5 (−0.7, −0.3)	<0.0001^a	−0.7 (−0.9, −0.5)	<0.0001^a	0.1 (−0.1, 0.2)	0.258^a	0.1 (0.0, 0.3)	0.150^a
No glucose lowering (𝑛=54)	5.6 (0.8)	−0.4 (−0.6, −0.2)	<0.0001^b	−0.6 (−0.8, −0.4)	<0.0001^b	0.1 (−0.1, 0.2)	0.260^b	0.1 (−0.1, 0.2)	0.300^b
HDL (mmol/L)
All (𝑛=60)	1.1 (0.3)	0.3 (0.3, 0.4)	<0.0001^a	0.1 (0.0, 0.1)	0.001^a	0.2 (0.1, 0.2)	<0.0001^a	0.1 (0.0, 0.2)	0.001^a
No lipid lowering (𝑛=52)	1.1 (0.3)	0.3 (0.3, 0.4)	<0.0001^b	0.1 (0.0, 0.1)	0.002^b	0.2 (0.1, 0.2)	<0.0001^b	0.1 (0.0, 0.2)	0.004^b
LDL (mmol/L)
All (𝑛=59)	2.9 (0.9)	0.4 (0.2, 0.6)	<0.0001^a	−0.2 (−0.3, −0.1)	0.005^a	0.3 (0.2, 0.4)	<0.0001^a	0.3 (0.2, 0.4)	<0.0001^a
No lipid lowering (𝑛=51)	3.1 (0.8)	0.3 (0.1, 0.5)	0.002^b	−0.3 (−0.4, −0.1)	<0.0001^b	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)	<0.0001^b	0.3 (0.2, 0.5)	<0.0001^b
TG (mmol/L)
All (𝑛=59)	1.4 (0.6)	−0.1 (−0.2, 0.1)	0.231^a	−0.2 (−0.3, −0.2)	<0.0001^a	0.0 (0.0, 0.2)	0.066^a	0.1 (−0.1, 0.2)	0.420^a
No lipid lowering (𝑛=51)	1.4 (0.6)	−0.1 (−0.3, 0.1)	0.185^b	−0.2 (−0.3, −0.2)	<0.0001^b	0.0 (−0.1, 0.1)	0.451^b	0.1 (0.0, 0.3)	0.126^b
Tot C (mmol/L)
All (𝑛=60)	4.7 (1.1)	0.5 (0.3, 0.7)	<0.0001^a	−0.1 (−0.3, 0.0)	0.155^a	0.4 (0.2, 0.5)	<0.0001^a	0.3 (0.1, 0.4)	0.002^a
No lipid lowering (𝑛=52)	4.9 (1.0)	0.4 (0.2, 0.6)	<0.0001^b	−0.2 (−0.3, 0.0)	0.015^b	0.3 (0.2, 0.5)	<0.0001^b	0.3 (0.1, 0.5)	0.002^b
Waist circumferences (cm)
All (𝑛=70)	123.5 (12.8)	−14.9 (−16.9, −13.0)	<0.0001^a	−14.0 (−14.9, −13.0)	<0.0001^a	−4.6 (−5.6, −3.5)	<0.0001^a	3.6 (2.5, 4.7)	<0.0001^a

s-BP: blood pressure systolic, d-BP: blood pressure diastolic, GLUC: fasting glucose, HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG: triglycerides, Tot C: total cholesterol. ^aGLM adjusted for age, gender, and relevant medication at baseline (HDL, LDL, Tot C, and TG adjusted for lipid-lowering medication at baseline; s-BP and d-BP adjusted for blood pressure-lowering medication at baseline; and GLUC adjusted for glucose-lowering medication at baseline), ^bsubgroup analysis of participants not using relevant medication at baseline, GLM adjusted for age and gender.