The Role of Adipose Tissue in Insulin Resistance in Women of African Ancestry

Table 2

Ethnic differences in the relationship between circulating inflammatory markers and insulin resistance.

Inflammatory marker	Ethnic difference	Moderating factors	Association with risk	References
hsCRP	Black > white	BMI and SES attenuate the difference between ethnic groups	Significant association with IR in both black and white populations	Festa et al. [49]
IL-6	Black > white	Minor attenuation after adjusting for body fatness	Significant association with IR in white women only	Hyatt et al. [50]
IL-18	Black > white/Hispanic	Not defined	Significant associations with IR glucose in both black and white populations	Zirlik et al. [51]
Adiponectin	White > black	Still significant after adjustment for age, BMI, or WHR	Significant associations with IR in white women only	Ferris et al. [52]; Hulver et al. [53]

hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; BMI: body mass index; SES: socioeconomic status; IL: interleukin; IR: insulin resistance; WHR: waist-hip ratio.