Effect of Parental Migration Background on Childhood Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Body Mass Index

Table 6

Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of dietary score, low physical activity, and overweight, by parental birth region.

Parental birth region	𝑛	Dietary score^a		Low physical activity^b		Overweight^c
Father-mother		OR^d	95% CI	OR^d	95% CI	OR^d	95% CI
Sweden-Sweden (Ref.)	2028	1.00		1.00		1.00
Africa-Africa	16	1.80	0.64–5.02	0.49	0.11–2.17	0.90	0.25–3.17
Asia-Asia	59	0.95	0.56–1.60	𝟐.𝟏𝟗^∗∗	1.28–3.74	𝟐.𝟗𝟗^∗∗∗	1.76–5.07
Iran	24	0.83	0.37–1.87	1.07	0.42–2.74	𝟑.𝟑𝟖^∗∗	1.50–7.64
Turkey	5	0.52	0.08–3.20	0.67	0.07–6.06	𝟏𝟔.𝟐𝟒^∗	1.79–147.29
Europe-Europe (excluding Sweden)	48	1.24	0.69–2.23	1.27	0.67–2.40	1.22	0.63–2.38
Finland	21	1.63	0.64–4.00	1.85	0.75–4.53	1.75	0.70–4.41
Poland	9	1.07	0.28–4.03	0.98	0.20–4.74	1.13	0.23–5.48
Latin America-Latin America	7	0.61	0.13–2.78	2.21	0.48–10.08	𝟗.𝟔𝟔^∗∗	1.86–50.18
Mixed (excluding Sweden)	34	1.03	0.52–2.04	𝟐.𝟏𝟕^∗	1.07–4.39	0.83	0.34–2.01
Mixed (including Sweden)	390	𝟏.𝟒𝟒^∗∗	1.15–1.80	1.16	0.90–1.50	1.18	0.91–1.53
Unknown	7	0.38	0.07–1.95	1.29	0.25–6.75	0.67	0.08–5.62

Values given in bold are statistically significant; Ref.: reference category.
^aDietary score based on compliance with Nordic Nutrition Recommendation for intake of carbohydrate, fat, protein, vitamins, minerals, and fibre.
^bNo participation or less than once per week in any organized activity.
^cAge- and sex-adjusted BMI corresponding to adult BMI ≥ 25 kg/m².
^dIt is adjusted for sex, parental education level (≤9, 10–12 and >12 years) and mutually adjusted for dietary score, low physical activity, and overweight.
OR and 95% CI were significant: ^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001.