Hostility Modifies the Association between TV Viewing and Cardiometabolic Risk
Table 2
Distribution of TV viewing, cardiometabolic risk variables, and physical activity score by hostility at examination year, CARDIA, 1985–2005.
Variables
Year 5
Year 10
Year 15
Year 20
Year 5 versus year 20
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
P valueb
Low hostility
Exposure
Hours of TV viewing daily
1.9 ± 1.6
1.9 ± 1.5
1.8 ± 1.5
1.9 ± 1.6
0.60
Outcome
Clustered cardiometabolic risk score
−0.4 ± 3.4a
0.04 ± 3.5
0.9 ± 3.8
1.6 ± 4.0
<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)
81.9 ± 13.2
83.6 ± 13.6
87.6 ± 15.2
90.1 ± 14.9
<0.001
Fasting glucose (ug/dL)
88.2 ± 10.2a
86.1 ± 10.7
84.6 ± 14.2
95.1 ± 17.7
<0.001
Fasting insulin (uU/mL)
12.6 ± 7.7a
12.8 ± 9.5
13.5 ± 9.7
15.2 ± 9.5
<0.001
Fasting triglycerides (mg/dL)
80.4 ± 76.7
85.1 ± 57.9
101.2 ± 92.3
105.9 ± 79.4
<0.001
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
51.9 ± 13.4
50.4 ± 13.2
51 ± 13.1
54.9 ± 16.0
0.008
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
106.3 ± 10.5
107.8 ± 10.9
110.2 ± 12.7
113.7 ± 13.9
<0.001
Covariate
Physical activity score
377.8 ± 280.8
340.4 ± 260.3
359.2 ± 284.9
365.9 ± 285.8
0.03
High hostility
Exposure
Hours of TV viewing daily
3 ± 2.4
2.8 ± 2.3
2.7 ± 2.2
2.9 ± 2.7
0.15
Outcome
Clustered cardiometabolic risk score
0.4 ± 3.5a
0.9 ± 3.6
1.7 ± 3.8
2.5 ± 3.9
<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)
85 ± 13.9
86.9 ± 14.8
90.6 ± 15.3
93 ± 15.5
<0.001
Fasting glucose (ug/dL)
89.9 ± 15.8a
88.2 ± 16.5
86.4 ± 18.4
99.2 ± 28.6
<0.001
Fasting insulin (uU/mL)
14.5 ± 12.1a
14.2 ± 9.5
14.7 ± 11.6
16.7 ± 11.4
<0.001
Fasting triglycerides (mg/dL)
83.7 ± 63.8
92.4 ± 80.4
102.7 ± 76.2
109.2 ± 76.2
<0.001
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
51.6 ± 14.3
50 ± 14.6
49.9 ± 14.6
53 ± 16.7
0.02
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
108.9 ± 11.2
110.2 ± 12.2
114.1 ± 14.4
117.2 ± 14.8
<0.001
Covariate
Physical activity score
400.4 ± 310.8
348.5 ± 295
358.2 ± 291.7
340.7 ± 277.2
<0.001
Results were assessed at year 7 but not at year 5. Results were tested by Wilcoxon signed-rank test for the median difference between year 20 and year 5.
