Research Article
Mendelian Randomisation Study of Childhood BMI and Early Menarche
Table 3
Longitudinal studies reporting the association between childhood BMI and subsequent age at menarche.
| Reference (country) | Number of participants | Mean age at BMI assessment | Mean age at followup | Findings |
|
Ong et al. 2009 (UK) [33] | 1,781 | 9 mo 19 mo | 13 y |
Mean ± SE BMI by age at menarche | | <12 y | 12-13 y | >13 y | value for trend | (i) 9 mo | 17.5 ± 0.1 | 17. 3 ± 0.1 | 17.3 ± 0.1 | .007 | (ii) 19 mo | 16.9 ± 0.1 | 16.7 ± 0.1 | 16.7 ± 0.1 | .09 |
|
Buyken et al. 2009 (Germany) [34] | 87 | 7.7 y (Interquartile range 6.5–8.8) | 13 y |
Age at menarche (mean, 95% CI) by BMI z-score 1 year before height “take-off” |
(i) Lowest BMI quartile | 12.9 y | (12.4–13.4) | value for trend |
(ii) Quartiles 2 and 3 | 11.7 y | (11.4–12.1) | .03 | (iii) Highest BMI quartile | 12.4 y | (11.9–12.8) | |
|
Lee et al. 2007 (USA) [36] | 354 | 3.0 y 4.5 y 6-7 y | 12 y |
Odds ratio (95% CI) for early menarche (by age 12 y) per +1 BMI z-score | (i) 3.0 y | OR = 1.45 | (1.10–1.93) | (ii) 4.5 y | OR = 1.50 | (1.14–1.97) | (iii) 6-7 y | OR = 1.85 | (1.38–2.47) |
| Must et al. 2005 (USA) [35] | 307 | 12.0 y (SD 1.2) | 15 y |
Age at menarche showed an inverse trend with premenarche BMI Correlation coefficient = −0.10; . |
|
Freedman et al. 2003 (USA) [31] | 771 Whites 408 Blacks | 8.7 y (SD 2) whites 8.9 y (SD 2) blacks | 17 y |
Odds ratio (95% CI) for early menarche (<12 y) per +1 BMI z-score | White girls | OR = 2.0 | (1.6–2.5) | Black girls | OR = 2.1 | (1.5–3.0) |
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