Research Article

Vitreous Hemorrhage in Pediatric Age Group

Table 4

Summary of the causes of nontraumatic vitreous hemorrhage.

DiagnosisEyes (Pt)AgeGenderPresentationVA presentingManagementOutcome

(1) Retinoblastoma5 (5)8 m
9 m
3 Y
3 Y
4 Y
2 M
3 F
Leukocoria (2)
Strabismus (2)
Seen in clinic postradiation therapy (1)
NA (2)
No F&F (1)
CFNF (1)
LP (1)
Enucleation (4)
Exenteration (1)
Prosthesis (5)
(2) Terson’s syndrome5 (4)11 Y
6 Y
4 Y
1 Y
4 MDecreased vision (3)
Strabismus (1)
20/200 (1)
F&F (3)
HM (1)
PPV (4)
Observation (I)
20/25 (1)
20/80 (1)
F&F (1)
No F&F, inoperable RD (2)
(3) PFV4 (3)1 Y
5 m
4 m
1 M
2 F
Leukocoria (3)
Small eye (1)
Not F&F (4)Observation (3)
Prosthesis (1)
20/100 (2)
Prosthesis (1)
No F& F, inoperable TRD (1)
(4) Idiopathic4 (3)4 Y
3 m
3 m
2 M
1 F
Strabismus (1)
Behavioral (2) changes
No F&F (3)
NA (1)
PPV (4)6/30 (1)
20/80 (2)
NA (1)
(5) Regressed ROP3 (3)3 Y
3 Y
5 Y
2 M
1 F
Decreased vision (3)NA (2)
No F&F (1)
PPV (2)
Observation (I)
F&F (1)
10/30 (1)
20/125 (1)
(6) FEVR3 (2)11 Y
13 Y
1 M
1 F
Decreased VA (3)20/40 (1)
20/30 (1)
20/70 (1)
PPV (1)
Laser therapy (2)
HM, RD (1)
20/30 (1)
20/25 (1)
(7) Intermediate uveitis3 (2)7 Y
9 Y
11 Y
2 MDecreased vision (2)
Seen in FU (1)
HM (1)
CFNF (1)
1/200 (1)
PPV (1)
Observation (2)
20/30 (1)
20/40 (1)
20/20 (1)
(8) FRAM2 (1)2 Y1 MStrabismus (1)
Decreased vision (2)
F&F (1)
No F&F (1)
Laser therapy (2)20/30 (1)
4/200, inoperable TRD (1)
(9) Retinitis pigmentosa with Coats-like disease2 (1)13 Y1 FDecreased vision (2)20/50 (1)
20/60 (1)
Laser therapy (2)20/40 (1)
20/300 (1)
(10) Neonatal meningitis2 (1)6 m1 MBehavioral changes (2)No F&F (2)Observation (2)No F&F, both inoperable TRD + RRD (2)
(11) Nanophthalmos2 (2)6 Y
3 m
1 M
1 F
Strabismus (1)
Leukocoria (1)
No F&F (2)Observation (2)NLP, inoperable RRD + TRD (1)
F&F (1)
(12) Associated with ALL2 (1)10 Y1 FStrabismus (2)
Decreased (2) vision
CF1F (1)
HM (1)
Observation (2)3/200 (1)
4/200 (1)
(13) Panuveitis1 (1)6 Y1 MDecreased vision 20/200Observation20/30
(14) AV malformation1 (1)9 Y1 FDecreased vision 20/400Laser 20/300
(15) Coats disease1 (1)3 Y1 MStrabismus
and Hx laser therapy
No F&FObservationNA, inoperable TRD + RRD
(16) Marfan syndrome + RRD1 (1)11 Y1 F1 decreased visionCF2FPPVLP, inoperable RD
(17) Stickler syndrome + RRD1 (1)6 Y1 FRednessNo F&FObservationNLP vision,
inoperable RD

VA: visual acuity. Pt: patient. m: month. Y: year. M: male. F: female. NA: not available. F&F: fix and follow. CFNF: counting finger near to face. LP: light perception. HM: hand motion. PPV: pars plana vitrectomy. RD: retinal detachment. RRD: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. TRD: tractional retinal detachment. PFV: persistent fetal vasculature. ROP: retinopathy of prematurity. FEVR: familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. FU: follow-up. FRAM: familial retinal artery macroaneurysm. NLP: no light perception. ALL: acute lymphoblastic leukemia. CF1F: counting finger one foot. AV: arteriovenous. Hx: history. CF2F: counting finger two feet.