A Study of Bone Mineral Density and Its Determinants in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Table 6

Comparison of anthropometry, calcium metabolism parameters, and bone mineral density in CA-positive and negative-T1DM patients (expressed as mean ± SD).

	CA+	CA−	P value
Demography
Age (years)	24.5±10	25±10
Gender ratio M/F	6/5	5/5
Anthropometry
Height (cm)	150.0±13.01	151.9±14.34	0.71
Weight (kg)	40.36±10.3	44.25±14.25	0.42
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	18.65±4.72	19.02±4.51	0.82
BMD “𝑧” score
Total body	−1.91±1.05	−0.63±0.73	<0.01
Lumbar spine	−1.69±0.92	−0.36±0.93	<0.01
Calcium metabolism parameters
Calcium corrected (mg%); (8.5–10.5)	8.69±0.76	8.68±0.74	0.96
Phosphorus (mg%); (3–5.5%)	3.8±0.82	3.4±0.37	0.20
Creatinine (mg%); (0.6–1.3)	0.9±0.12	0.9±0.14	0.49
Alkaline phosphatase; (30–120 IU/mL)	145.3±86	54±12.33	<0.01
25 (OH) vitamin D3; (ng/mL)	23.22±12.09	31.2±8.33	0.18
Vitamin D deficiency (<30 ng/mL)	4/11 (36%)	6/22 (27%)	0.88

BMD: bone mineral density; CA: celiac autoimmunity; T1DM: type 1 diabetes mellitus.