Comorbidity and Healthcare Expenditure in Women with Osteoporosis Living in the Basque Country (Spain)

Table 3

Risk ratios for the 47 chronic conditions with osteoporosis as comorbidity.

	Risk ratio	CI at 95%
		Lower bound	Upper bound
Hypertension	0.81	0.80	0.82
Asthma (currently treated)	1.18	1.14	1.22
Ischemic heart disease	1.10	1.06	1.15
Diabetes mellitus	0.65	0.64	0.67
Hypothyroidism	0.93	0.91	0.95
Rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune and connective tissue diseases	1.45	1.40	1.50
Deafness and hearing loss	1.13	1.08	1.17
Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and COPD	1.31	1.26	1.35
Irritable bowel syndrome	1.35	1.26	1.44
Malignancies	1.07	1.04	1.10
Cerebrovascular disease	1.22	1.18	1.26
Chronic kidney disease	1.07	1.02	1.12
Diverticular disease of intestine	1.55	1.49	1.61
Peripheral vascular disease	1.17	1.04	1.31
Heart failure	1.19	1.14	1.25
Glaucoma	1.06	1.03	1.09
Dementia	1.01	0.97	1.04
Schizophrenia, affective psychosis, or bipolar disorder	0.62	0.57	0.68
Inflammatory bowel disease	1.13	1.03	1.24
Parkinson’s disease	1.22	1.15	1.29
Multiple sclerosis	0.84	0.69	1.03
Chronic liver or pancreatic disease	1.11	1.05	1.19
Paralysis or muscular dystrophy	1.18	1.10	1.27
Chronic heart disease and others	1.21	1.17	1.26
VIH	0.37	0.24	0.56
Hematologic chronic disorders	1.04	0.93	1.16
Chromosomal anomalies or inherited metabolic disorders	0.98	0.92	1.05
Transplant status	1.16	0.97	1.41
Disorders of the immune system	1.46	1.36	1.57
Degenerative joint disease	1.40	1.38	1.43
Peripheral neuropathy and neuritis	0.86	0.83	0.89
Gout	0.88	0.80	0.97
Treated constipation	1.60	1.51	1.69
Psoriasis or eczema	1.08	0.96	1.21
Migraine	0.82	0.74	0.91
Alcohol problems	0.66	0.56	0.79
Bronchiectasis	1.70	1.59	1.83
Depression	1.12	1.09	1.14
Epilepsy (currently treated)	0.85	0.77	0.95
Atrial fibrillation	1.08	1.05	1.12
Viral hepatitis	1.03	0.94	1.12
Low back pain	1.25	1.22	1.28
Chronic sinusitis	1.10	0.99	1.23
Abuse substances	0.83	0.59	1.16
Treated dyspepsia	1.42	1.39	1.45
Anxiety and other neurotic, stress related, and somatoform disorders	0.86	0.84	0.87
Blindness and low vision	1.07	1.03	1.12