The Combination Therapy with Zoledronic Acid and Propranolol Improves the Trabecular Microarchitecture and Mechanical Property in an Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Figure 4

Effects of zoledronic acid, propranolol, or zoledronic acid plus propranolol on the mechanical strength of the femoral diaphysis. The diaphysis was subjected to three-point bending to failure, which provided data on peak load (a), ultimate stiffness (b), toughness (c), ultimate strength (d), and Young’s modulus (e). Data are shown as the mean ± SD (𝑛=6), evaluated by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. *𝑃<0.05; **𝑃<0.01; ***𝑃<0.001, compared to OVX group;^a𝑃 < 0.05;^b𝑃 < 0.01;^c𝑃 < 0.001 compared to ZOL + PRO group. All groups except SHAM group undergo ovariectomy.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)