The Combination Therapy with Zoledronic Acid and Propranolol Improves the Trabecular Microarchitecture and Mechanical Property in an Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Figure 5

Effects of zoledronic acid, propranolol, or zoledronic acid plus propranolol on the mechanical strength of the fourth lumbar vertebra (LV4). LV4 was compressed to failure to provide data on peak load (a), ultimate stiffness (b), toughness (c), ultimate strength (d), and Young’s modulus (e). Data are shown as the mean ± SD (𝑛=6), evaluated by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. *𝑃<0.05; **𝑃<0.01; ***𝑃<0.001, compared to OVX group;^a𝑃 < 0.05;^b𝑃 < 0.0, compared to ZOL + PRO group. All groups except SHAM group undergo ovariectomy.

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