The Effect of Long-Term Exercise on the Production of Osteoclastogenic and Antiosteoclastogenic Cytokines by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and on Serum Markers of Bone Metabolism

Figure 1

Flow diagram.Eligibility criteria: normal EKG, stress test, and exercise tolerance; absence of chronic inflammatory disease, malignancy, immunodeficiency, and immunosuppressive therapy. Each training session consisted of a combination of aerobic (60%), resistance (weightlifting) (30%), and flexibility (stretching) (10%) exercises.