Migraine-Asthma Comorbidity and Risk of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Table 4

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in relation to maternal migraine and asthma status, Seattle and Tacoma, WA, USA, 1996–2008.

	No Migraine/No Asthma	Migraine Only	Asthma Only	Comorbid Migraine-Asthma
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
No, 𝑛	2267	448	308	78
Yes, 𝑛	126	35	18	13
Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	1.00 (reference)	1.41 (0.95–2.07)	1.05 (0.63–1.75)	3.00 (1.62–5.54)
^1Adjusted OR (95% CI)	1.00 (reference)	1.21 (0.81–1.81)	0.98 (0.58–1.65)	2.44 (1.27–4.69)
Preeclampsia (PE)
No, 𝑛	2267	448	308	78
Yes, 𝑛	42	7	11	6
Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	1.00 (reference)	0.84 (0.38–1.89)	1.93 (0.98–3.78)	4.15 (1.71–10.06)
^1Adjusted OR (95% CI)	1.00 (reference)	0.70 (0.30–1.63)	1.82 (0.91–3.61)	4.11 (1.65–10.19)
PIH or PE
No, 𝑛	2267	448	308	78
Yes, 𝑛	168	42	29	19
Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	1.00 (reference)	1.27 (0.89–1.80)	1.27 (0.84–1.92)	3.29 (1.94–5.56)
^1Adjusted OR (95% CI)	1.00 (reference)	1.11 (0.77–1.60)	1.19 (0.78–1.82)	2.69 (1.53–4.74)

Note: Subjects with history of chronic hypertension or preexisting diabetes mellitus or multifetal pregnancy were excluded from this analysis.
¹Adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, parity, marital status, cigarette smoking status, and pre-pregnancy body mass.