Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome One Year after Delivery in Finnish Women at Increased Risk for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during Pregnancy

Table 1

Background characteristics of women at one year postpartum. Means and standard deviations or frequencies (and proportions) of participants (𝑛=150).

Age (years)	33.1 ± 4.9
<30	37 (25)
30–34	60 (40)
≥35	53 (35)
Weight (kg)	75.6 ± 15.3
BMI^a (kg/m^2)	27.2 ± 5.0
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^2	88 (64)
BMI ≥ 30 kg/m^2	37 (27)
Education
Basic or secondary education	48 (32)
Polytechnic education	60 (40)
University degree	41 (28)
Parity	2.0 ± 1.2
1	56 (37)
2-3	82 (55)
≥4	12 (8)
GDM^b risk criteria (at 8–12 weeks’ pregnancy, 𝑛=148)
BMI^a ≥ 25 kg/m^2	97 (66)
Macrosomic child in any previous pregnancy	8 (5)
GDM^bin any previous pregnancy	25 (17)
Diabetes in first- or second-degree relatives	78 (53)
Age ≥ 40 years	6 (4)

aBMI: body mass index.
^bGDM: gestational diabetes mellitus.