Research Article
Naegele Forceps Delivery and Association between Morbidity and the Number of Forceps Traction Applications: A Retrospective Study
Table 1
Characteristics of the 87 pregnant women on whom Naegele forceps delivery was performed.
| Factors | Median | Range | n | % |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 39 5/7 | 37 3/7–41 4/7 | | | Early term (37 0/7-38 6/7 weeks) | | | 19 | 21.8 | Full term (39 0/7-40 6/7 weeks) | | | 56 | 64.4 | Late term (41 0/7 weeks and after) | | | 12 | 13.8 | Age (years) | 32 | 19–40 | | | Parity | | | | | Nullipara | | | 72 | 82.8 | Para 1 | | | 11 | 12.6 | Para 2 | | | 4 | 4.6 | Maternal complications | | | 37 | 42.5 | Maternal height (cm) | 158 | 147–170 | | | Maternal weight at labor (kg) | 59.6 | 44.7–91.8 | | | Maternal BMI at labor (kg/m2) | 24.2 | 18.6–34.8 | | | Neonatal birth weight (g) | 3036 | 2072–3926 | | | Augmentation | | | 48 | 55.2 | Epidural analgesia | | | 18 | 20.7 | Episiotomy | | | 35 | 40.2 | Midline | | | 24 | 27.6 | Mediolateral | | | 11 | 12.6 | Fetal head malrotation | | | 14 | 16.1 | Chief indication | | | | | Prolonged second stage | | | 51 | 58.6 | Nonreassuring fetal status | | | 33 | 37.9 | Severe PIH | | | 3 | 3.4 | Station (cm) | | | | | +1 | | | 2 | 2.4 | +2 | | | 41 | 47.7 | +3 | | | 30 | 34.9 | ≥+4 | | | 13 | 15.1 | Missing | | | 1 | | Numbers of forceps traction applications | | | | | 1 | | | 55 | 64.7 | 2 | | | 21 | 24.7 | 3 | | | 5 | 5.9 | 4 | | | 2 | 2.4 | 5 | | | 1 | 1.2 | 6 | | | 1 | 1.2 | Missing | | | 2 | | Uterine fundal pressure maneuver | | | 2 | 2.3 | Traction-to-delivery intervals (min) | 2 | 0–13 | | |
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BMI: body mass index; PIH: pregnancy-induced hypertension.
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