Pathogenesis of Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis in Human Yersiniosis

Figure 1

Human yersiniosis cases reported for selected countries that conduct active annual surveillance for the yersiniae. Surveillance data for years 2000 to 2009 were collected from national repositories for Canada (National Microbiology Laboratory, http://www.publichealth.gc.ca), the United States (FoodNet, http://www.cdc.gov/foodnet), 24 European Union members (European Food Safety Authority, http://www.efsa.europa.eu), New Zealand (The Institute of Environmental Science and Research, http://www.surv.esr.cri.nz), Australia (OZFoodNet, http://www.ozfoodnet.gov.au), Northwestern Russia, the Republic of Karelia, Ukraine, and Belarus (EpiNorth Project, http://www.ozfoodnet.gov.au). Russian data was obtained only from the following participating regions: Arkhangelsk oblast, Kaliningrad oblast, Leningrad oblast, Murmansk oblast, Nenets Autonomous okrug, Novgorod oblast, Pskov oblast, St. Petersburg City, Vologda oblast, and the Republic of Komi. For comparison, countries defined as Western European nations based on the classification scheme used by the United Nations include Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, and Luxembourg (which are marked with an asterisk). As shown, Germany reported the greatest number of human cases per annum for the ten-year period included (years 2000–2009), compared to all other countries examined, including the bordering countries of Denmark, Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, and France. The annual cases reported are shown on the ordinate, with the axis broken between 1,000 and 4,500 cases to allow the inclusion of Germany and other countries in one graphical display. Yearly cases were not adjusted for population differences. Individual countries are listed on the abscissa. USA: United States; UK: United Kingdom.