Review Article

Pathogenesis of Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis in Human Yersiniosis

Figure 2

Line graph comparing the yearly incidence rate of yersiniosis reported for various European countries, North America, and Oceania. Surveillance data were collected from national repositories for Canada (National Microbiology Laboratory, http://www.publichealth.gc.ca), the United States (FoodNet, http://www.cdc.gov/foodnet), 24 European Union members (European Food Safety Authority, http://www.efsa.europa.eu), New Zealand (The Institute of Environmental Science and Research, http://www.surv.esr.cri.nz), Australia (OZFoodNet, http://www.ozfoodnet.gov.au), Northwestern Russia, the Republic of Karelia, Ukraine, and Belarus (EpiNorth Project, http://www.epinorth.org). The yearly incidence rate (cases per 100,000 in the surveillance population) was calculated based on total reported cases per year and published population figures included in published surveillance reports or governmental census sites. For countries where surveillance did not include the entire population, rates were adjusted based on the surveillance population and case information provided with the original surveillance data. For countries that did not provide data for all years included in the analysis (i.e., 2000–2009), the rate was extrapolated using linear regression (e.g., Canada, Australia, and Luxembourg). Notification rate (calculated as explained above) per 100,000 persons is shown on the ordinate, and a total of 30 countries presented by region are displayed on the abscissa. Western Europe (WE) includes Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, and Luxembourg. North America includes Canada and the United States. Northern Europe includes Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark, Norway, Finland, Sweden, and the Republic of Karelia. Eastern Europe includes the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, the Ukraine, Belarus, and Northwestern Russia. Southern Europe includes Slovenia, Spain, and Malta. Oceania includes New Zealand and Australia. All of the available European data considered together (aE), representing a total of 28 countries, is also shown for comparison.
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