|
Role | Component | Function | Ref |
|
Antimicrobial | | | |
| Complement | Membrane disruption, opsonization, and inflammation | [6] |
Cathelicidin | Membrane disruption | [6] |
β-defensins | Membrane disruption | [6] |
Immunoglobulin | Complement-mediated lysis, agglutination, and opsonization | [6] |
Lipocalin 2 | Iron sequestration | [6] |
Lysozyme | Membrane disruption | [6] |
Nitric oxide | Membrane disruption | [5] |
Surfactant | Agglutination (SpA, SpD), membrane disruption (SpB) | [6] |
|
Inflammation | | | |
| TLR2 | Recognition of lipoproteins, lipoteichoic acid, and peptidoglycan | [6] |
Receptors | TLR4 | Recognition of lipopolysaccharide | [6] |
IL-2R | IL-2 receptor | [5] |
TNF-R1 | TNFα receptor | [5] |
MHC-I | Antigen presentation to CD8 T cells | [6] |
MHC-II | Antigen presentation to CD4 T cells | [6] |
Cytokines and chemokines | IL-1α | Prostaglandin production, induces TNFα | [6] |
IL-1β | Prostaglandin production, induces TNFα | [6] |
IL-4 | Th2 Polarization, immunoglobulin production | [5] |
IL-6 | T cell recruitment, B cell differentiation | [6] |
IL-8 | Neutrophil chemotaxis | [6] |
GRO-α | Neutrophil chemotaxis | [6] |
ENA-78 | Neutrophil chemotaxis | [6] |
MIP-2 | Neutrophil chemotaxis | [6] |
TNF-α | Vasodilation, neutrophil activation | [6] |
GM-CSF | Granulocyte and monocyte differentiation | [5] |
RANTES | Monocyte and T cell recruitment | [6] |
MCP-1 | Monocyte and T cell recruitment | [6] |
IFN-α/β | MHC-I Expression, NK cell activation | [6] |
IFN-γ | Th1 Polarization, macrophage activation | [5] |
|