Lipid Droplets and Mycobacterium leprae Infection

Table 1

Comparison between the enzymes involved in TAG metabolism in M. tuberculosis and M. bovis BCG and their homologous in M. leprae. ND, not determined.

Gene	Enzyme	Diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity (in vitro)	Influence on lipid bodies/TAG accumulation	M. leprae homologue	M. leprae homologue-diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity (in vitro)	Reference
Rv3130c (tgs1)	DGAT	+	Δtgs1decreases TAG accumulation	ML1244	ND	[26, 78]
Rv3734c (tgs2)	DGAT	+	ND	ML1244	ND	[26, 78]
Rv3234c (tgs3)	DGAT	+	ND	ML1244	ND	[26, 78]
Rv3088 (tgs4)	DGAT	+	ND	ML1244	ND	[26, 78]
Rv1760	DGAT	+	ND	ML1244	ND	[26, 78]
Rv2285	DGAT	+	ND	ML1244	ND	[26, 78]
Rv3804c (85A)	DGAT	+	Overexpression increases production of lipid bodies	ML0097 (85A)	ND	[79]
BCG1489c [Rv1428c]	DGAT	ND	ΔBCG1489c reduces TAG accumulation	ML2427c	ND	[80]
BCG3153c (tgs1) [Rv3130c]	DGAT	ND	ΔBCG3153c reduces TAG accumulation	ML1244	ND	[77]
BCG3794c (tgs2) [Rv3734c]	DGAT	ND	ΔBCG3794c reduces TAG accumulation	ML1244	ND	[80]
Gene	Enzyme	TAG-hydrolyzing; activity (in vitro)	Influence on lipid bodies/TAG accumulation	M. leprae homologue	M. leprae homologue-TAG-hydrolyzing activity (in vitro)	Reference
Rv3097c (lipY)	Lipase/esterase	+	ΔlipY reduces TAG hydrolysis.; Overexpression increases TAG hydrolysis	ML0314c (lipU); ML1053; ML1183c	ND	[76]
Rv1399c (lipH )	Lipase/esterase	+	ND	ML0314c (lipU)	ND	[75]
BCG1721 [Rv1683]	Lipase/esterase	+	+	ML1346	ND	[80]
Rv0183	Lipase/esterase	Hydrolyzes only monoacylglycerides	ND	ML2603	ND	[81]
Rv2224c	Lipase/esterase	ND	ND	ML1633c	ND	[82]
Gene	Enzyme	Isocitrate cleavage; (in vitro)	Influence on lipid bodies/TAG accumulation	M. leprae homologue	M. leprae homologue-isocitrate cleavage (in vitro)	Reference
Rv0467 (icl); Rv1916 (icl2)	isocitrate lyase	+	ND (but the Δicl, Δicl2 strain shows no intracellular replication)	ML1985c (aceA)	ND	[83–87]