Review Article

Epidemiology of Enterocytozoon bieneusi Infection in Humans

Table 3

Distribution of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in humans.

ContinentCountry YearPatient sourceGenotype (synonyms)/ isolatesReference

Peru2003HIV+A (Peru1)/82, Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/41, Peru3/2,
EbpC (E, WL13, Peru4, WL17)/4, WL11 (Peru5)/8, Peru6 (PtEb I, PtEb VII)/1, Peru7/18, Peru8/10, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/ 24, Peru10/6, Peru11 (Peru12)/16.
[56]
AmericaPeru2000–2002HIV+A (Peru1)/35, Peru3/1, Peru7/8, Peru8/4, Peru11 (Peru12)/ 6, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI,CEbc)/9, EbpC (E, WL13, Peru4, WL17)/1, Peru10/3, Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/ 18, WL11(Peru5)/3, Peru6 (PtEb I, PtEb VII)/1.[48]
Peru2007Children apparently immunocompetentA (Peru1), Type IV (K, Peru2), Peru3, EbpC (Peru4), WL11(Peru5), Peru6 (PtEb I, PtEb VII), Peru7, Peru8, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc), Peru10, Peru11 (Peru12), Peru13, WL15 (Peru14), Peru15, Peru16, Peru17[75]

Portugal1999- 2009HIV+, HIV−; Adults and childrenType IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/18, Peru6 (PtEb I, PtEb VII)/14, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/6, A (Peru1)/4, C (Type II)/3, PtEb II/3.[45]
Spain2009HIV−; renal transplant recipientsD (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/2[108]
France1998HIV+; immunocompromised HIV− B (Type I)/51 HIV+, C (Type II)/6 HIV+, 2 HIV–, Type III/3 HIV+, Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/3 HIV+[109]
France2001HIV+; HIV−B (Type I)/66 HIV+, C (Type II)/9 HIV+, 8 immunocompromised HIV–, and 1 immunocompetent ), Type III/3 HIV+,
Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/9 HIV+, 2 immunocompromised HIV–,
1 immunocompetent, Type V/1 HIV+
[92]
Germany1993HIV+A(Peru1)/3, B (Type I)/3, C (Type II)/2[94]
EuropeGermany2001Human patientsC (Type II)/1, Q/1[95]
Switzerland2000Human patientsQ[110]
UK1992–1995; 2002HIV+B (Type I)/11, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI,CEbc)/1, Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/1 [111]
The Netherlands1996–2007A(Peru1)/1, B (Type I)/4, C (Type II)/5, S7/1, S8/1, S9/1, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI,CEbc)/2, Type IV (K)/5, [112]
Czech Republic2008-2009HIV−EbpA/10, CZ3/4, PigEBITS5/3, BFRmr2/2, BEB4/2, CZ1/1, CZ2/1[20]
RussiaHIV+ patientsD (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/2[87]

Niger2007HIV+ (227 adults, 1 child) A (Peru1)/10, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI,CEbc)/1, Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/1, CAF1 (PEbE)/2, NIA1/3[76]
Nigeria2011Children with and without diarrhea D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/2, Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/1, new genotype (similar to genotype K (with two nucleotide substitutions)/1[67]
Nigeria2012HIV+B/1, new genotype (similar to P, Type IV, UG2145; Peru3, PtEb IV, PtEb V)/2[68]
AfricaCameroon2006HIV+Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/4[55]
Cameroon2007Villagers <1 to 80 years; 0.5% (4/758) HIV+A (Peru1)/8, B (Type I)/3, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/3, Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/1, CAF4/5[99]
Gabon2007HIV+ > 16 yearsA (Peru1)/1, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/1, TypeIV (K)/4, CAF1 (PEbE)/3, CAF2/1, CAF3/1, CAF4/4[99]
Uganda2002Children (immune status not determined) Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/6, UG2145/1[18]
Malawi2003-2004Peru8/1, UG2145/1, S1/2, S2/11, S3/2, S4/1, S5/4, S6/2, D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/4, Type IV (K, Peru2, BEB5, BEB5-var, CMITS1, PtEb III)/8[112]

AsiaChina2011Children with diarrhea I (BEB2, CEbE)/3, J (BEB1,CEbB, PtEb X)/3, CHN1/5, CHN2/2, CHN3/4, CHN4/3[30]
Thailand2005HIV+ and HIV− children from an orphanageA (Peru1)/10.[5]
Thailand2006HIV+ (33 adults)D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/12, EbpC (E, WL13, Peru4, WL17)/5, O/1, R/1, S/4, T/1, U/1, V/1, W/1, Peru 11 (Peru12)/2, PigEBITS7/4.[113]
Thailand2005Asymptomatic adults (5) and children (2)A (Peru1)/7[114]
Thailand2005D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI, CEbc)/5[102]
Thailand2003-2004HIV+ and HIV− children from an orphanageA (Peru1)/75 [19]
Vietnam2007HIV+D (WL8, Peru9, PigEBITS9, PtEb VI,CEbc)/1, EbpC (E, WL13, Peru4, WL17)/1, HAN1/1[76]

OceaniaAustralia2005–2007HIV+ (men) with diarrhea; CD4+ T-cell counts < 100 cells mm−3B (Type I)/29[115]