Research Article

Zenga's New Index of Economic Inequality, Its Estimation, and an Analysis of Incomes in Italy

Table 4

9 5 % confidence intervals for the difference of the Zenga indices between 2006 and 2004 in the Italian income distribution.

Northwest ( 9 2 6 pairs)Northeast ( 8 4 1 pairs)Center ( 8 3 1 pairs)

𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 6 ) 0 . 5 7 9 7 𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 6 ) 0 . 6 1 9 9 𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 6 ) 0 . 5 9 2 1
𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 4 ) 0 . 5 9 5 5 𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 4 ) 0 . 6 4 7 4 𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 4 ) 0 . 5 7 6 6
Difference 0 . 0 1 5 8 Difference 0 . 0 2 7 5 Difference 0 . 0 1 5 5
LowerUpper LowerUpper LowerUpper

Normal 0 . 0 4 2 6 0 . 0 1 0 2 0 . 0 5 7 3 0 . 0 0 0 3 0 . 0 1 8 3 0 . 0 5 1 4
Student 0 . 0 4 6 3 0 . 0 1 0 3 0 . 0 5 9 1 0 . 0 0 1 7 0 . 0 1 5 6 0 . 0 6 4 4
Percent 0 . 0 4 2 1 0 . 0 1 0 8 0 . 0 5 3 7 0 . 0 0 4 0 0 . 0 1 8 3 0 . 0 5 0 5
BCa 0 . 0 4 4 0 0 . 0 0 8 7 0 . 0 5 5 1 0 . 0 0 2 2 0 . 0 1 3 0 0 . 0 5 9 3

South ( 8 4 3 pairs)Islands ( 5 1 2 pairs)Italy ( 3 9 5 3 pairs)

𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 6 ) 0 . 6 2 0 0 𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 6 ) 0 . 6 1 7 9 𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 6 ) 0 . 6 3 6 2
𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 4 ) 0 . 6 3 2 5 𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 4 ) 0 . 6 2 3 9 𝑍 𝑛 ( 2 0 0 4 ) 0 . 6 4 8 5
Difference 0 . 0 1 2 5 Difference 0 . 0 0 6 0 Difference 0 . 0 1 2 3
LowerUpper LowerUpper LowerUpper

Normal 0 . 0 3 7 2 0 . 0 1 2 9 0 . 0 3 3 3 0 . 0 2 1 3 0 . 0 2 5 9 0 . 0 0 0 7
Student 0 . 0 3 6 5 0 . 0 1 6 6 0 . 0 3 5 1 0 . 0 2 2 2 0 . 0 2 6 4 0 . 0 0 1 3
Percent 0 . 0 3 7 2 0 . 0 1 3 1 0 . 0 3 3 3 0 . 0 2 1 4 0 . 0 2 5 3 0 . 0 0 1 6
BCa 0 . 0 3 5 1 0 . 0 1 6 2 0 . 0 3 3 1 0 . 0 2 1 6 0 . 0 2 5 5 0 . 0 0 1 3