Research Article

Coping with Nonstationarity in Categorical Time Series

Table 3

MSE times 1000 for the estimate of 𝑞 for different degrees of stationarity.

ModelTrue value of q
0.10.30.50.7

Nonstationary 𝑝 𝑡 varies 90 55 30 11
D(1) stationary 𝑝 𝑡 = 0 . 5 4 5 4 3
𝑝 𝑡 = 0 . 7 5 5 6 6 5
C(1) stationary 𝑝 𝑡 varies 15 11 8 5
Detrended to C(1) 𝑝 𝑡 varies 9 8 6 7