Journal of Sensors / 2010 / Article / Tab 1 / Review Article
CMOS Image Sensor with On-Chip Image Compression: A Review and Performance Analysis Table 1 Comparison of the features of the work reviewed above.
[18 ] [56 ] [19 ] [60 ] [20 ] Performance of the overall system Resolution
8
0
×
4
4
𝟖
𝟎
𝟎
×
𝟔
𝟎
𝟎
1
2
8
×
1
2
8
2
5
6
×
2
5
6
1
2
8
×
1
2
8
Technology 0.35 μ m 2P4M 0.35 μ m 0.35 μ m 0.25 μ m 1P5M N/A Overall silicon area
2
.
6
×
6
.
0
m
m
2
N/A
4
.
4
×
2
.
9
m
m
2
1
5
×
1
5
m
m
2
5
.
4
×
4
.
3
m
m
2
Power consumption 150 mW N/A 26.2 mW N/A 5.4 mW (DCT processor) Performance of the sensor array Sensor type APS
†
1
APS APS APS APS Pixel size
3
4
×
3
0
𝜇
m
2
N/A
1
5
.
4
×
1
5
.
4
𝜇
m
2
1
5
×
1
5
𝜇
m
2
1
6
.
1
×
1
6
.
1
𝜇
m
2
no. of transistors/pixel 8 3 7 8 3 no. of capacitors/pixel 1 0 2 1 0 Fill factor 18% N/A 28% N/A 56.6% Dynamic range 48 dB N/A N/A N/A N/A Dark current N/A N/A 36 fA/pixel N/A 503 pA/pixel Performance of the compression processor Compression Lossless 2D Haar Discrete 2D DCT 2D DCT Algorithm Predictive coding Wavelet Wavelet Transform In analog domain In digital domain Processor Off-array Off-array In-pixel logic
†
3
and off-array processor In-pixel logic and off-array processor Off-array Implementation Processor
†
2
Processor Processor Frame rate N/A ≥100 fps 30 fps 3000 fps at 53 MHz (Theoretical results) N/A Compression ratio 1.3~ 1.5 5.33 3.85 6 5 PSNR
†
4
N/A 37 dB 32 dB 43 dB 35 dB [73 ] [75 ] [22 ] [23 ] [24 ] Performance of the overall system Resolution
1
2
8
×
1
2
8
3
0
4
×
2
4
0
3
3
×
2
5
6
4
×
6
4
1
2
8
×
1
2
8
Technology 0.35 μ m 2P4M 0.18 μ m 1P6M 0.35 μ m 2P3M 0.35 μ m 1P5M 0.18 μ m 1P6M Overall silicon area
6
×
6
.
3
m
m
2
9
.
9
×
8
.
2
m
m
2
N/A
3
.
2
×
3
.
0
m
m
2
1
.
0
×
1
.
0
m
m
2
Power consumption 30 mW 175 mW 0.25 mW 17 mW N/A Performance of the sensor array Sensor type APS APS APS DPS DPS Pixel size
4
0
×
4
0
𝜇
m
2
3
0
×
3
0
𝜇
m
2
6
9
×
6
9
𝜇
m
2
3
9
×
3
9
𝜇
m
2
𝟏
𝟒
×
𝟏
𝟒
𝝁
𝐦
𝟐
no. of transistors/pixel 27 77 14 38 30 (Average) no. of capacitors/pixel 4 2 4 0 0 Fill factor 8.1% 30% 20.7% 12% 15% Dynamic range 120 dB 125 ~ 143 dB N/A >100 dB N/A Dark current 10 nA/
c
m
2
1.6 nA/
c
m
2
N/A N/A N/A Performance of the compression processor Compression Asynchronous temporal contrast Lossless temporal compression SPIHT-based JPEG2000 QTD-based FBAR Block-based online compression Processor Pixel-level Pixel-level Pixel-level Pixel-level and off-array processor Pixel-level processor Implementation Processor
†
5
Processor Processor Frame rate N/A 30 fps 3000 fps N/A N/A Compression ratio N/A 20 ~ 400 N/A >10 6~ 8 PSNR N/A N/A 38 dB ~ 23 dB~ 26 dB
†
1
APS stands for Active Pixel Sensor.
†
2
The image pixel sensor and the image compression processor are two separate functional units connected by off-array readout interface.
†
3
Simple pixel-level logic is used in order to better apt the processing procedure of the compression algorithm used in the off-array processor. Typically, customized readout logic is required for such a image sensor array.
†
4
PSNR stands for Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio.
†
5
The compression processing is performed in pixel-level focal-plane processor.
