Trends in Biosensors for HPV: Identification and Diagnosis

Table 3

Piezoelectric biosensors for HPV detection.

HPV type	Sensor platform	Techniques	Application	Sensibility	Detection limit	References
HPVs 6, 11,; 16, 18	HPV probes with a disulfide group	QCM	Qualitative results from QCM versus dot-blot hybridization	25 μM of predigested PCR products	= 48 ± 5 Hz	[55]
HPVs 16, 18	Biotinylated HPV probes via streptavidin anchoring	QCM	Simultaneous identification and genotyping HPVs 16 and 18	50 nM of PCR products	= ≤3 Hz	[56]
HPVs 6, 11	HPV probes	QCM	Detection of single strand-PCR products in temperature changes by metal clamping piezoelectric sensor	25 μM	= 82 ± 3.7 Hz	[57]
HPV 58	Biotinylated LAMP HPV products via avidin anchoring	LAMP-QCM	Real-time amplification and hybridization to HPV 58 probe	1–10^6 plasmid clones	= 28.3 Hz	[58]
11 different types of; HPV	Biotinylated HPV probes via avidin anchoring	QCM	QCM sensor replacement of traditional method, HPV detection in gel electrophoresis for QCM system	10³ plasmid clones	= 44.7 Hz	[59]
HPV 16	Alkanethiol self-assembling monolayer	QCM-D	Detection of antigens (cytoplasmic proteins) from cancer cell lines by HPV	Bayesian classifier dependent		[60]

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).