Research Article
Trends in Biosensors for HPV: Identification and Diagnosis
Table 3
Piezoelectric biosensors for HPV detection.
| HPV type | Sensor platform | Techniques | Application | Sensibility | Detection limit | References |
| HPVs 6, 11, 16, 18 | HPV probes with a disulfide group | QCM | Qualitative results from QCM versus dot-blot hybridization | 25 μM of predigested PCR products | = 48 ± 5 Hz | [55] |
| HPVs 16, 18 | Biotinylated HPV probes via streptavidin anchoring | QCM | Simultaneous identification and genotyping HPVs 16 and 18 | 50 nM of PCR products | = ≤3 Hz | [56] |
| HPVs 6, 11 | HPV probes | QCM | Detection of single strand-PCR products in temperature changes by metal clamping piezoelectric sensor | 25 μM | = 82 ± 3.7 Hz | [57] |
| HPV 58 | Biotinylated LAMP HPV products via avidin anchoring | LAMP-QCM | Real-time amplification and hybridization to HPV 58 probe | 1–106 plasmid clones | = 28.3 Hz | [58] |
| 11 different types of HPV | Biotinylated HPV probes via avidin anchoring | QCM | QCM sensor replacement of traditional method, HPV detection in gel electrophoresis for QCM system | 10³ plasmid clones | = 44.7 Hz | [59] |
| HPV 16 | Alkanethiol self-assembling monolayer | QCM-D | Detection of antigens (cytoplasmic proteins) from cancer cell lines by HPV | Bayesian classifier dependent | [60] |
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Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).
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