Research Article
Estimation of Individual Cylinder Air-Fuel Ratio in Gasoline Engine with Output Delay
Table 1
Engine specifications.
| | Fuel system | Direct injection |
| | Displacement (m3) | 0.002 | | Intake manifold volume (m3) | 0.004 | | Exhaust manifold volume (m3) | 0.0015 | | Max engine speed (rad/s) | 785 |
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