Development of Low-Noise Small-Area 24 GHz CMOS Radar Sensor

Table 3

Performance comparison of 24 GHz radar sensor.

Performance	This work	[10]	[11]	[12]	[13]	[14]	[15]
Conversion gain (dB)	40.2	16.5	35	27.5	16	31.5	37.7
DSB noise figure (dB)	2.9	5.3	4.5	7.7	5	6.7	5.8
Input return loss () (dB)		NA	<−10		NA		<−14.5
Output return loss () (dB)		NA	<−15		NA	NA	<−15
LO-to-RF leakage (dB)		<−45	<−70	NA		NA	<−30
LO-to-IF leakage (dB)		<−45	<−38	NA		NA	<−23
Input P (dBm)		−26	−33.2
Technology (m)	0.13 CMOS	0.13 CMOS	0.18 BiCMOS	0.18 CMOS	0.13 CMOS	0.065 CMOS	0.18 CMOS
Size (mm × mm)	0.8 × 0.7	1.4 × 0.5	3.9 × 1.9	0.4 × 0.5	0.86 × 0.59	1.6 × 1.2	3.0 × 1.0
Power dissipation (mW)	39.5	18	107.5	64.5	22.2	78	131
Operating temperature (°C)	−40~125	—	—	—	−40~125	—	—

LNA + mixer.