Journal of Skin Cancer

Research Article

Interleukin-1α Induction in Human Keratinocytes (HaCaT): An In Vitro Model for Chemoprevention in Skin

Table 3

UV-induced IL-1α production, cytotoxic, and apoptotic effects.
Incubation periodUnit of measureUV dose (mJ/cm2)
Ctrl204080160240
6 hicIL-1α (pg/mL) 7 8 . 5 2 ± 8 . 5 0 a A a 6 5 . 5 6 ± 1 0 . 4 5 a A a 1 0 2 . 1 6 ± 1 8 . 7 8 b A a 1 5 9 . 6 6 ± 3 2 . 9 1 c A a 1 1 3 . 4 0 ± 2 8 . 0 4 b A a 1 1 0 . 9 6 ± 2 6 . 2 8 b A a
icIL-1α fold increase 𝟏 . 𝟎 𝟎 ± 𝟎 . 𝟏 𝟏 𝐚 𝐚 𝟎 . 𝟖 𝟑 ± 𝟎 . 𝟏 𝟑 𝐚 𝐚 𝟏 . 𝟑 𝟎 ± 𝟎 . 𝟐 𝟒 𝐛 𝐚 𝟐 . 𝟎 𝟑 ± 𝟎 . 𝟒 𝟐 𝐜 𝐚 𝟏 . 𝟒 𝟒 ± 𝟎 . 𝟑 𝟔 𝐝 𝐚 𝟏 . 𝟐 𝟗 ± 𝟎 . 𝟒 𝟔 𝐛 𝐚
exIL-1α (pg/mL) 1 4 . 5 7 ± 4 . 1 a B 1 4 . 7 2 ± 4 . 3 7 a B 1 7 . 3 9 ± 4 . 5 8 a B 1 2 . 5 7 ± 2 . 7 6 a B 1 6 . 2 1 ± 4 . 4 4 a B 1 8 . 9 1 ± 5 . 5 7 a B
% LDH release 8 . 6 9 ± 1 . 6 4 a a 8 . 3 9 ± 3 . 1 0 a a 1 1 . 5 5 ± 2 . 7 9 a a 1 1 . 1 2 ± 3 . 6 9 a a 1 1 . 9 0 ± 1 . 5 8 a a 1 1 . 8 2 ± 2 . 2 5 a a
Caspase-3 (fold increase) 1 . 0 0 ± 0 . 0 6 a a 1 . 0 8 ± 0 . 0 8 a b a 1 . 5 4 ± 0 . 3 4 b a b 2 . 5 5 ± 0 . 2 8 c a 2 . 9 6 ± 0 . 5 5 c a 2 . 5 6 ± 0 . 1 2 c a
12 hicIL-1α (pg/mL) 5 4 . 6 9 ± 1 0 . 5 0 a A a 4 3 . 1 8 ± 1 1 . 6 7 a A a 3 7 . 8 1 ± 1 2 . 0 1 a A b 1 4 8 . 3 6 ± 3 8 . 6 9 b A a 1 0 4 . 1 2 ± 2 3 . 1 0 c A a 5 1 . 2 7 ± 1 2 . 4 9 a A b
icIL-1α fold increase 𝟏 . 𝟎 𝟎 ± 𝟎 . 𝟏 𝟗 𝐚 𝐚 𝟎 . 𝟕 𝟗 ± 𝟎 . 𝟐 𝟏 𝐚 𝐚 𝟎 . 𝟔 𝟗 ± 𝟎 . 𝟐 𝟐 𝐚 𝐚 𝟐 . 𝟕 𝟏 ± 𝟎 . 𝟕 𝟏 𝐛 𝐛 𝟏 . 𝟗 𝟎 ± 𝟎 . 𝟒 𝟐 𝐜 𝐛 𝟎 . 𝟗 𝟒 ± 𝟎 . 𝟐 𝟑 𝐝 𝐚
exIL-1α (pg/mL) 6 . 3 0 ± 1 . 6 4 a B 6 . 9 7 ± 1 . 3 5 a B 1 0 . 3 2 ± 4 . 7 2 a B 9 . 8 5 ± 2 . 7 1 a B 9 . 0 4 ± 1 . 7 1 b B 1 1 . 1 4 ± 1 . 5 6 b B
% LDH release 6 . 5 9 ± 2 . 5 1 a a 1 0 . 1 3 ± 0 . 8 1 b a 1 1 . 3 3 ± 1 . 3 3 b a 1 2 . 7 2 ± 2 . 5 6 b a 1 3 . 1 1 ± 2 . 6 7 b a 1 3 . 9 3 ± 2 . 4 8 b a
Caspase-3 (fold increase) 1 . 0 0 ± 0 . 0 5 a a 1 . 2 8 ± 0 . 2 4 a a 2 . 0 9 ± 0 . 6 8 b 6 . 8 6 ± 0 . 6 4 c b 1 2 . 5 5 ± 0 . 8 2 d b 1 5 . 3 2 ± 1 . 1 6 d
24 hicIL-1α (pg/mL) 1 7 . 4 9 ± 6 . 6 5 a A b 1 8 . 4 5 ± 3 . 7 4 a A b 2 2 . 1 1 5 . 9 5 a A c 5 5 . 0 1 ± 1 1 . 6 1 b A b 5 5 . 7 6 ± 6 . 1 5 b A b 3 8 . 1 5 ± 9 . 2 5 a A b
icIL-1α fold increase 𝟏 . 𝟎 𝟑 ± 𝟎 . 𝟑 𝟗 𝐚 𝐚 𝟏 . 𝟎 𝟓 ± 𝟎 . 𝟐 𝟏 𝐚 𝐚 𝟏 . 𝟐 𝟔 ± 𝟎 . 𝟑 𝟒 𝐛 𝐚 𝟑 . 𝟏 𝟒 ± 𝟎 . 𝟔 𝟔 𝐛 𝐜 𝟑 . 𝟏 𝟗 ± 𝟎 . 𝟑 𝟓 𝐛 𝐜 𝟐 . 𝟏 𝟖 ± 𝟎 . 𝟓 𝟑 𝐜 𝐛
exIL-1α (pg/mL) 5 . 8 9 ± 1 . 8 9 a B 6 . 6 7 ± 2 . 2 1 a B 7 . 5 4 ± 1 . 1 8 a B 5 . 2 9 ± 2 . 1 9 a B 1 3 . 9 4 ± 3 . 0 8 b B 1 4 . 9 7 ± 4 . 2 7 b B
% LDH release 8 . 2 4 ± 1 . 1 5 a a 9 . 2 7 ± 1 . 4 9 a a 1 1 . 0 5 ± 1 . 8 7 a a 1 5 . 4 3 ± 3 . 8 4 b a 2 5 . 7 1 ± 6 . 2 6 c b 2 5 . 5 3 ± 4 . 5 0 c b
Caspase-3 (fold increase) 1 . 0 0 ± 0 . 0 8 a a 1 . 4 2 ± 0 . 1 1 b a 1 . 4 0 ± 0 . 1 2 b a 3 . 2 5 ± 0 . 5 4 c a 3 . 9 2 ± 0 . 4 6 c a 3 . 7 3 ± 0 . 2 1 c b
Cells were seeded at a density of 3 0 × 1 0 4 /well; values represent mean ± standard deviation of quadruplicates; small letters in superscript indicates difference between control and UV dose (mj/cm2); capital letter, in subscript indicates significant difference between intracellular IL-1α and extracellular IL-1α (pg/mL); small letter in subscript indicate significant difference between incubation periods (hours) for icIL-1α (pg/mL), icIL-1 fold increase, toxicity, and capsase-3; Values were considered significant if 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 . icIL-1α: intracellular interleukin 1α; exIL-1α: extracellular interleukin 1α; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase.