Germ Cell Proteins in Melanoma: Prognosis, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Theories on Expression

Table 3

Germ cell proteins expressed in cancer and proposed function.

Gene	Germ cell function	Cancer function	Mechanism	Reference
Class I MAGE	Apoptosis inhibition	Proliferation	Kap1-p53 corepressor	[38]
PRAME	Apoptosis inhibition	Proliferation	Retinoic acid receptor	[39]
MAGE-A1	Transcriptional regulation	Aberrant transcriptional regulation	SKIP, HDAC1	[40]
GAGE	Gene expression regulation	Aberrant gene expression		[41]
LDHC	Lactose metabolism	Metabolic efficiency		[42]
SPO-11	Recombination	Chromosomal instability	Double-stranded breaks	[4]
SCP-1	Recombination	Chromosomal instability	Homologous pairing	[4]
REC8*	Chromosome segregation	Aneuploidy	Regulated cohesion expression	[43]
TERT*	Genome protection	Immortalization	Telomere lengthening	[44]

∗Germ cell proteins also expressed in cancer but not currently defined as CTAs.