Online Monitoring of Water-Quality Anomaly in Water Distribution Systems Based on Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis by UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy

<table class="table-group" width="800px"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><img alt="150636.fig.005a" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jspec/volume-2014/150636/figures/150636.fig.005a.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(a) </b>Observation spectral data</td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><img alt="150636.fig.005b" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jspec/volume-2014/150636/figures/150636.fig.005b.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(b) </b>PPCA reconstruction spectral data</td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="c"><td><img alt="150636.fig.005c" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jspec/volume-2014/150636/figures/150636.fig.005c.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(c) </b>PPCA reconstruction residuals</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<table>Probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA).</table>

Journal of Spectroscopy

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Figure 5

Figure 5: Online Monitoring of Water-Quality Anomaly in Water Distribution Systems Based on Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis by UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy 

Figure 5 | Online Monitoring of Water-Quality Anomaly in Water Distribution Systems Based on Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis by UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy 