NIRS Characterization of Paper Pulps to Predict Kappa Number
Table 1
Values of operating variables used in the design of experiments.
Experiment
, °C
, min
Soda, %
Anthraquinone, %
Liquid/solid ratio
1
170
60
15
0.5
6
0
0
0
0
0
2
155
30
10
1
4
−1
−1
−1
1
−1
3
155
30
10
0
8
−1
−1
−1
−1
1
4
155
30
20
1
8
−1
−1
1
1
1
5
185
60
15
0.5
6
1
0
0
0
0
6
170
60
15
1
6
0
0
0
1
0
7
170
30
15
0.5
6
0
−1
0
0
0
8
170
60
10
0.5
6
0
0
−1
0
0
9
185
30
10
1
8
1
−1
−1
1
1
10
185
30
20
1
4
1
−1
1
1
−1
11
170
60
20
0.5
6
0
0
1
0
0
12
170
90
15
0.5
6
0
1
0
0
0
13
185
30
20
0
8
1
−1
1
−1
1
14
170
60
15
0.5
8
0
0
0
0
1
15
155
60
15
0.5
6
−1
0
0
0
0
16
185
90
10
0
8
1
1
−1
−1
1
17
170
60
15
0
6
0
0
0
−1
0
18
155
90
20
0
8
−1
1
1
−1
1
19
185
90
20
0
4
1
1
1
−1
−1
20
155
90
20
1
4
−1
1
1
1
−1
21
185
90
20
1
8
1
1
1
1
1
22
155
90
10
1
8
−1
1
−1
1
1
23
185
90
10
1
4
1
1
−1
1
−1
24
155
30
20
0
4
−1
−1
1
−1
−1
25
155
90
10
0
4
−1
1
−1
−1
−1
26
170
60
15
0.5
4
0
0
0
0
−1
27
185
30
10
0
4
1
−1
−1
−1
−1
, , , , and = normalized values of temperature (), time (), soda concentration (), anthraquinone concentration (), and liquid/solid ratio (), respectively.