Review Article
In Vitro Reporter Assays for Screening of Chemicals That Disrupt Androgen Signaling
Table 3
Comparative analysis of in vitro reporter systems in mammalian and yeast cells.
| Cell line | AR source | Reporter plasmid | Reporter gene | Advantage | Disadvantage | Min dose | Reference |
| CHO-K1 | hAR | MMTV-Neo-luc | Luciferase | Distinguishes androgen/antiandrogen activities | Expresses low levels of endogenous GR | 0.1 nM | Roy et al., 2004 [4] | MDA-kb2 | hAR | MMTV-Neo-luc | Luciferase | Endogenous expression of AR | Expresses GR. | 0.1 nM | Wilson et al., 2002 [19] | MDA-MB-453 | hAR | MMTV-Neo-luc | Luciferase | Endogenous expression of AR. | Expresses GR | 0.1 nM | Hartig et al., 2002 [20] | U2-OS | hAR | 3x HRE- TATA-luc | Luciferase | Highly specific assay system | AR activation by Dex and progesterone | 0.13 nM (EC50) | Sonneveld et al., 2005 [21] | CV1 | hAR | MMTV-CAT | CAT | Rapid, high fold activation | Transient transfection | 0.39 nM (EC50) | Xu et al., 2008. [23] | Yeast | hAR | p406-ARE2-CYC1-yEGFP | GFP | Robust, minimum cross talk | Low sensitivity | 33 nM | Bovee et al., 2007 [24], Beck et al., 2008 [25] | Yeast | hAR | ARE-gal | | Sensitive | Long exposure time | 4 nM | Chatterjee et al., 2007 [26] | Yeast | hAR | pUTK 404 | Lux | Immediate luminescence detection | High background | 9.7 nM | Eldridge et al., 2007 [27] | Yeast | hAR | pUTK 404 | Lux | Immediate luminescence detection | Solubility of test compounds | 5 nM for DHT | Sanseverino et al., 2009 [28] |
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indicates the minimum dose which evokes a significant response.
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