Exploratory Investigation of Chitosan as Mordant for Eco-Friendly Antibacterial Printing of Cotton with Natural Dyes

Table 2

Effect of mordants and turmeric concentration on color strength of cotton.

Mordant (%)	Turmeric (%)	Colour value	CIE colour coordinates			Washing fastness		Light fastness
		𝐾/𝑆	𝐿^∗	𝑎^∗	𝑏^∗	Change	Staining
Alum
10	1	0.8084	84.007	−4.01	33.849	4-5	4-5	3
10	5	4.3847	89.655	2.389	43.257	4-5	4	3
10	10	5.9102	90.404	1.295	44.146	4	4	3
20	1	0.937	84.934	4.716	35.625	4	3-4	3
20	5	3.7634	90.364	3.028	44.609	4-5	3-4	3
20	10	7.9375	91.327	3.129	45.076	4	4	4
Chitosan
10	1	1.1319	83.174	5.348	39.866	5	4-5	3
10	5	2.4573	84.203	1.755	42.078	4-5	4-5	4
10	10	6.3261	86.902	1.418	45.928	4-5	4	4
20	1	1.1838	81.587	3.784	37.307	4	4	3
20	5	2.4426	84.3	0.586	42.285	4	3-4	3
20	10	6.6156	87.28	1.097	46.202	4	4	4
Copper sulphate
1	1	0.6626	81.256	3.234	27.299	4-5	4	5
1	5	2.6011	87.844	3.495	37.35	4-5	4	5
1	10	5.0764	89.695	4.177	39.489	4-5	3-4	5
2	1	0.7542	82.015	3.598	28.505	4	3-4	5
2	5	4.0985	88.032	2.253	37.751	3-4	3-4	5
2	10	7.3138	89.973	−3.06	40.382	4	3-4	6