|
| Genes | SNP | Effect | Association to cardiomyopathy | References |
| Patients | Results |
|
| TNFα | | Pro-inflammatory cytokines | | | [25, 26] |
−308 G/A
(TNF2)
TNFa2 | High TNF-a production | 42 CCC | Allele TNF2 or microsatellite TNFa2 associated with worse prognosis
Shorter survival time compared with those carrying other alleles | [25] |
| | 166 CCC | No significant differences between CCC and ASY patients | [26] |
| 80 ASY |
| | | Lack of association of TNF polymorphisms with CCC development or to progression cardiomyopthy |
|
| BAT1 | −22 C/G
−348C/T | Anti-inflammatory activity associated with reduced expression of HLA-B-1 | 154 CCC
76 ASY | Homozygous −22 CC and −348 CC more frequent in CCC than in ASY
Both variants are predictive of CCC evolution | [27] |
|
| LTA | +80 A/C
+252 A/G | Pro-inflammatory cytokines | 169 CCC
76 ASY | Homozygous +80 CC and +252 GG more frequent in CCC than in ASY
Haplotype +80 C +252 G associated to CCC susceptibility | [28] |
|
| TLR | TLR1
TLR2
TLR4
TLR5
TLR9 | Pathogen recognition receptors
Component of innate immunity | 169 CCC
76 ASY | TLR polymorphisms did not show major risk factors for the development of CCC | [29] |
|
| MAL/TIRAP | | Encodes an adaptor protein for TLR | 169 CCC
76 ASY | Heterozygous MAL/TIRAP S180L associated with lower risk of developing CCC | [29] |
|
| TGFβ1 | −988 C/A
−800 G/A
−509 C/T
10 T/C
263 C/T | Multifunctional cytokine | 172 CCC
175 ASY
279 health control patients | −988 C/A and 263 C/T were not detected
−800 A was uncommon, and −509 C/T was not associated with Chagas disease
Allele C and the genotype C/C at codon 10 were associated with Chagas disease patients
Allele C may be a risk factor for genetic susceptibility to Chagas disease patients | [30] |
|
| MASP2 | Six SNP | Involved in the complement system | 208 Chagas disease
300 health control patients | MASP2*CD genotypes were associated risk of CCC | [31] |
|
| IL-1B | IL-1B-511
IL-1F10.3
IL-1RN.4
IL-1RN 6/1
IL-1RN 6/2 | Pro-inflammatory cytokines
Receptor antagonist | 58 CCC
28 ASY
50 IDC | C allele or CC genotype of the IL-1RN.4 was increased in CCC
when compared with IDC and health control patients, evidencing association between this polymorphisms and CCC development | [32] |
|
