Review Article
Immunity to Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Genetically Defined Live-Attenuated Parasites
Table 1
Genetically altered live-attenuated vaccine candidates against visceral leishmaniasis.
| Parasite | Characterization of attenuation | Animal model | Results of Immunization | References |
| L. donovani | Biopterin transporter gene deleted parasite (BT1−/−) | BALB/c mice | Protective immunity, antigen-specific IFNγ secretion | [87] | L. tarentolae | Nonpathogenic strain expressing L. donovani A2 antigen | BALB/c mice | Protective immunity against L. infantum challenge, high IFNγ, low IL-5 | [98] | L. donovani | Replication deficient centrin gene deleted (Cen−/−) | BALB/c mice, Syrian hamster | Protective immunity against L. donovani and L. braziliensis challenge. Increased IFNγ, IL-2, and TNF producing cells and IFNγ/IL-10 ratio | [53] | L. infantum | Silent information regulatory 2 single allele deletion (SIR2+/−) | BALB/c mice | Protective immunity, increased antigen-specific IFNγ/IL-10 ratio | [89] | L. donovani | Cytochrome c oxidase complex component p27 gene deleted cell line (Ldp27−/−) | BALB/c mice | 12-week survival in host, initial evidence of protective immunity | [97] and Dey, unpublished |
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