Research Article
Impact of Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum Parasitaemia on Maternal Anaemia and Low Birth Weight in Blue Nile State, Sudan
Table 1
Risk factors for submicroscopic parasitaemia in Sudanese women using univariate and logistic regression analyses.
| Characteristics | N (%) of the total | Submicroscopic parasitaemia positive N (%) | Univariate analyses | Logistic regression analyses | OR (95% CI) | | OR (95% CI) | |
| Site of collection | Ed-Dmazen Hospital | 59 (13.2) | 25 (17.0) | 1.8 (1.1–3.2) | 0.042 | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 0.182 | El-Roseures Hospital | 103 (23.0) | 40 (27.2) | 1.5 (0.9–2.5) | 0.060 | 1.5 (0.8–2.9) | 0.149 | Surgical complex | 285 (63.8) | 82 (55.8) | Reference | | Reference | |
| Age, years | 29.9 (4.5) | 26.5 (4.7) | 0.96 (0.9–4 1.0) | 0.164 | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.890 |
| Gravidity | 3.4 (2.0) | 2.3 (1.8) | 0.95 (0.8–1.1) | 0.326 | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.646 |
| Residence | | | | | | | Rural | 363 (81.2) | 111 (75.5) | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 0.039 | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.379 | Urban | 84 (18.8) | 36 (24.5) | Reference | | Reference | |
| Education | | | | | | | <secondary level | 313 (70.0) | 126 (85.7) | 3.6 (2.1–6.0) | <0.001 | 4.1 (2.3–7.4) | <0.001 | ≥secondary level | 134 (30.0) | 187 (19.8) | Reference | | Reference | |
| Antenatal care visits | | | | | | | Not attended | 333 (74.5) | 100 (68.0) | 1.6 (1.1–2.5) | 0.037 | 1.4 (0.9–2.7) | 0.114 | Attended | 114 (25.5) | 47 (32.0) | Reference | | Reference | |
| Use bednets | No | 367 (82.1) | 113 (76.9) | 1.6 (1.1–2.7) | 0.049 | 1.5 (0.9–2.7) | 0.089 | Yes | 80 (17.9) | 34 (23.1) | Reference | | Reference | |
| Sex of the newborn | Female | 218 (48.8) | 76 (51.7) | 1.1 (0.8–1.7) | 0.421 | 1.0 (0.7–1.6) | 0.688 | Male | 229 (51.2) | 71 (48.3) | Reference | | Reference | |
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N = number; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. mean (SD). |