Role of Estrogen in Thyroid Function and Growth Regulation

Table 1

Estrogen receptor (ER) in human normal thyroid, and benign and malignant thyroid diseases.

Study	Method	Normal	All benign lesions	All neoplastic lesions	All carcinoma	Benign lesions		Carcinoma
						Adenoma	Goiter	Papillary	Follicular	Medullary	Anaplastic
Tavangar et al. [10]; 2007	IHC					8/37	31/130	37/119	2/18	0/35	0/12
Arain et al. [11]; 2003	IHC	0/25				0/9	0/8	0/19	0/10	0/4
Lewy-Trenda et al. [12]; 1998	IHC					2/19	0/20	4/8	3/5		0/4
Valle et al. [13]; 1998	RT-PCR	28/33				12/12	6/7	26/26	1/1	1/1	1/1
Bonacci et al. [14]; 1996	DCC	26/38	11/28		7/20
Jaklic et al. [15]; 1995	IHC					0/1	0/5	0/4		0/1
Colomer et al. [16]; 1996	IHC									1/7
Inoue et al. [17]; 1993	IHC							24/74
Inoue et al. [18]; 1993	IHC							18/70
Yane et al. [19]; 1994	RT-PCR			5/27
Yane et al. [20]; 1993	IHC	0/10			2/19	2/12	0/7
Hiasa et al. [21]; 1993	IHC					44/130	23/39	19/115	7/23		0/6
Diaz et al. [22]; 1991	IHC					20/30		23/30	11/20
Mizukami et al. [23]; 1991	IHC		8/18			4/8		47/62
Takeichi et al. [24]; 1991	IHC							11/12			1/6
Hong et al. [25]; 1991	IHC							1/27	1/20
Miki et al. [26]; 1990	DCC	0/14	12/46		7/23	5/11	2/12	6/20	0/1		1/1
Haruta et al. [27]; 1990	IHC							30/52			0/12
Chaudhuri et al. [28]; 1989	SDG	3/8				7/9	5/23	8/8		0/6
Money et al. [29]; 1989	IHC		20/22
Clark et al. [30]; 1985	SDG			14/15
Hampl [15]; 1985	RBA	0/8			0/5
Molteni et al. [37]; 1981	SDG	0/2						2/4

Data are shown as number of ER-positive samples/total number of samples. IHC: immunohistochemical assay; DCC: dextran-coated charcoal assay; RT-PCR: reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique; SDG: sucrose density gradient assay; RBA: radioligand binding assay.