Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation after Orthotopic Heart Transplantation: Prevalence and Etiology
Table 3
A univariate analysis of risk factors for late significant (at least mild-moderate) TR.
Risk factor
No TR/mild TR
At least mild-moderate TR
value
Number of EMBs
Average total number of EMBs taken
17.5 ± 5.9
20.7 ± 6.5
0.045
Average number of EMBs taken before TR development
17.5 ± 5.9
15.7 ± 9.1
0.431
Number of ACRs*
Median number of ACRs ≥ grade 1R**
6 (0–24)
7 (2–23)
0.087
Median number of ACRs ≥ grade 2R**
0 (0–7)
1 (0–8)
0.712
Average MPAP (mmHg)
36.8 ± 13.7
47.0 ± 12.9
0.064
Pre-transplant hemodynamic parameters
Average PVR (Wood units)
3.3 ± 2.2
5.1 ± 3.0
0.070
Average right atrial pressure (mmHg)
11.4 ± 6.5
14.8 ± 7.2
0.280
Surgical technique employed
Biatrial %
34.4%
65%
0.009
Any CAV
33.8%
76.2%
<0.001
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy
Significant CAV
25.4%
71.4%
<0.001
2 or 3 vessels CAV
18.5%
57.1%
<0.001
TR: tricuspid regurgitation; EMBs: endomyocardial biopsies; ACRs: acute cellular rejections; MPAP: mean pulmonary arterial pressure; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance; CAV: cardiac allograft vasculopathy.
*
Data are presented as median and range (min–max).
**
According to the revised ISHLT criteria.
